<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Florian Wostry</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sabine Hahn</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sabine Hahn</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Impact of Coercive Measures on the Therapeutic Relationship Between Patients and Nurses in the Acute Psychiatric Care. An Integrative Review</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, 2025; 0:1–13 </style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year></dates><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;meta charset=&quot;UTF-8&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Reduksjon av tvang krever et stabilt terapeutisk forhold. Det antas generelt at tvangstiltak har en negativ effekt på det terapeutiske forholdet, men lite er kjent om den spesifikke effekten.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Spørsmålet blir da hvilken effekt har tvangstiltak i akutt psykiatrisk behandling på det terapeutiske forholdet mellom sykepleiere og pasienter?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Det ble gjennomført en integrativ gjennomgang og en tematisk analyse. Noen resultater viser&amp;nbsp;at f.eks tema 1, med tittelen &amp;laquo;Destruktive effekter&amp;raquo;, omfatter tre undertemaer: &amp;laquo;Tap av tillit&amp;raquo;, &amp;laquo;Maktubalanse&amp;raquo; og &amp;laquo;Redusert engasjement&amp;raquo;, og fremhever den negative effekten på det terapeutiske forholdet. Tema 2, med tittelen &amp;laquo;Sykepleierens dilemma&amp;raquo;, med undertemaet &amp;laquo;Dehumanisering&amp;raquo;, diskuterer de iboende konfliktene som psykisk helsepersonell står overfor. Tema 3, &amp;laquo;Forsterkning&amp;raquo;, foreslår potensielle forbedringer i terapeutiske relasjoner.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Diskusjon: Sentrale kjennetegn ved den terapeutiske relasjonen, som å gi støtte, møte på øyehøyde, empati og tillit, kan bli skadet av tvangstiltak og svekke et grunnleggende aspekt ved psykiatrisk sykepleie. Videre kan fraværet av en terapeutisk relasjon fremme atferd som fører til ytterligere tvangstiltak, og skape en negativ spiral med negative effekter for alle involverte.Implikasjoner for praksis kan være at&amp;nbsp;sykepleiere må være bevisste på virkningene tvangstiltak har på terapeutiske relasjoner og bruke tvangstiltak som en siste utvei&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tonje Lossius Husum</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Irene Wormdahl</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Solveig H. H. Kjus</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trond Hatling</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jorun Rugkåsa</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Something Happened with the Way We Work: Evaluating the Implementation of the Reducing Coercion in Norway (ReCoN) Intervention in Primary Mental Health Care</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MDPI</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">co-creation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">complex intervention</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Deltakende forskning</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">implementation research</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Implementeringsforskning</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Involuntary admission</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kompleks intervensjon</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mental health services</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">participatory research</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Primary mental health care</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Primær psykisk helseomsorg</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">process evaluation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prosessevaluering</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">psykiske helsetjenester</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">reducing coercion</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Redusere tvang</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Samskaping</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ufrivillig innleggelse</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">04/2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9032/12/7/786</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Background: Current policies to reduce the use of involuntary admissions are largely oriented towards specialist mental health care and have had limited success. We co-created, with stakeholders in five Norwegian municipalities, the &amp;lsquo;Reducing Coercion in Norway&amp;rsquo; (ReCoN) intervention that aims to reduce involuntary admissions by improving the way in which primary mental health services work and collaborate. The intervention was implemented in five municipalities and is being tested in a cluster randomized control trial, which is yet to be published. The present study evaluates the implementation process in the five intervention municipalities. To assess how the intervention was executed, we report on how its different elements were implemented, and what helped or hindered implementation. Methods: We assessed the process using qualitative methods. Data included detailed notes from quarterly progress interviews with (i) intervention coordinators and representatives from (ii) user organisations and (iii) carer organisations. Finally, an end-of-intervention evaluation seminar included participants from across the sites. Results: The majority of intervention actions were implemented. We believe this was enabled by the co-creating process, which ensured ownership and a good fit for the local setting. The analysis of facilitators and barriers showed a high degree of interconnectedness between different parts of the intervention so that success (or lack thereof) in one area affected the success in others. Future implementation should pay attention to enhanced planning and training, clarify the role and contribution of service user and carer involvement, and pay close attention to the need for implementation support and whether this should be external or internal to services. Conclusions: It is feasible to implement a complex intervention designed to reduce the use of involuntary admissions in general support services, such as the Norwegian primary mental health services. This could have implications for national and international policy aimed at reducing the use of involuntary care.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Healthcare 2024</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nina Camilla Wergeland</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Åshild Fause</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Astrid Karine Weber</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anett Beatrix Osnes Fause</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Henriette Riley</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Capacity-based legislation in Norway has so far scarcely infuenced the daily life and responsibilities of patients’ carers: a qualitative study</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BMC Psychiatry</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Capacity-based legislation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carer</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coercion</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Community Treatment Order</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Family-carer</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Patient autonomy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Norwegian mental health act</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">02/2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://hdl.handle.net/10037/30648</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Background - When capacity-based mental health legislation was introduced in Norway in 2017, there was concern about the consequences of change in the law for patients&amp;rsquo;carer whose community treatment order was revoked as a result of being assessed as having capacity to consent. The concern was that the lack of a community treatment order would increase carers&amp;rsquo; responsibilities in an already challenging life situation.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The aim of this study is to explore carers&amp;rsquo; experiences of how their responsibility and daily life were affected after the patient&amp;rsquo;s community treatment order was revoked based on capacity to consent.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Method - We conducted individual in-depth interviews from September 2019 to March 2020 with seven carers of patients whose community treatment order was revoked following assessment of capacity to consent, based on the change in the legislation. The transcripts were analysed with inspiration from reflexive thematic analysis.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Results - The participants had little knowledge about the amended legislation, and three out of seven did not know about the change at the time of the interview. Their responsibility and daily life were as before, but they felt that the patient was more content, without relating this to the change in the law. They had found that coercion was necessary in certain situations, which made them worry whether the new legislation would make it more difficult to use coercion.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Conclusion - The participating carers had little or no knowledge of the change in the law. They were involved in the patient&amp;rsquo;s everyday life as before. The concerns prior to the change about a worse situation for carers had not affected them. On the contrary, they found that their family member was more satisfied with life and the care and treatment provided. This may suggest that the intention of the legislation to reduce coercion and increase autonomy was fulfilled for these patients, without resulting in any significant change in carers&amp;rsquo; lives and responsibilities.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal article</style></work-type></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nina Camilla Wergeland</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Åshild Fause</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Astrid Karine Weber</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anett Beatrix Osnes Fause</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Henriette Riley</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Increased autonomy with capacity‑based mental health legislation in Norway: a qualitative study of patient experiences of having come off a community treatment order</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BMC Health Services Research (Open Access)</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Autonomi</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">lov</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">lovendring</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pasientopplevelse</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Samtykke</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Samtykkekompetanse</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">04/2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8987267/</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;Capacity-based mental health legislation was introduced in Norway on 1 September 2017. The aim was to increase the autonomy of patients with severe mental illness and to bring mental health care in line with human rights. The aim of this study is to explore patient experiences of how far the new legislation has enabled them to be involved in decisions on their treatment after they were assessed as capable of giving consent and had their community treatment order (CTO) revoked due to the change in the legislation.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Method:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;Individual in-depth interviews were conducted from September 2019 to March 2020 with twelve people with experience as CTO patients. Interviews were transcribed and analysed using thematic analysis inspired by hermeneutics.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;Almost all interviewees were receiving the same health care over two years after their CTO was terminated. Following the new legislation, they found it easier to be involved in treatment decisions when off a CTO than they had done in periods without a CTO before the amendment. Being assessed as having capacity to consent had enhanced their autonomy, their dialogues and their feeling of being respected in encounters with health care personnel. However, several participants felt insecure in such encounters and some still felt passive and lacking in initiative due to their previous experiences of coercion. They were worried about becoming acutely ill and again being subjected to involuntary treatment.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;The introduction of capacity-based mental health legislation seems to have fulfilled the intention that treatment and care should, as far as possible, be provided in accordance with patients&amp;#39; wishes. Systematic assessment of capacity to consent seems to increase the focus on patients&amp;#39; condition, level of functioning and opinions in care and treatment. Stricter requirements for health care providers to find solutions in cooperation with patients seem to lead to new forms of collaboration between patients and health care personnel, where patients have become more active participants in their own treatment and receive help to make more informed choices.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Keywords:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;Autonomy; Capacity to consent; Coercion; Community treatment order; Outpatient commitment; Patient experiences; Self-determination; The Mental Health Care Act.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">22</style></issue><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">erfaringsbaserte</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>32</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Irene Wormdahl</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pathways towards involuntary admissions. How do they unfold in primary mental health care settings, and what can be done to prevent them?</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Forebygging</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">kommune</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tvang</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsinnleggelse</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsinnleggelser</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">06/2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://bibsys-almaprimo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/primo-explore/fulldisplay?docid=BRAGE11250%2F2998148&amp;context=L&amp;vid=UBIS&amp;lang=no_NO&amp;search_scope=default_scope&amp;adaptor=Local%20Search%20Engine&amp;tab=default_tab&amp;query=any,contains,tvangsinnleggelse&amp;facet=sear</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">NTNU</style></publisher><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Doktograd</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">117</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">978-82-326-6329-3</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;WHO og FNs menneskerettighetsorganer, helsepolitiske myndigheter og brukerorganisasjoner har de siste årene kommet med krav om å redusere bruken av tvangsinnleggelser av voksne i psykisk helsevern. Denne avhandligen handler om hva som skjer før slike tvangsinnleggelser, og har fokus på kommunale helsetjenesters rolle og muligheter for forebygging. I denne studien har jeg og mine kolleger samarbeidet med personer i fem norske kommuner. Ansatte som jobber i tjenestene, personer med egenerfaring med alvorlige psykososiale utfordringer og/eller tvangsinnleggelser og pårørende deltok i studien. Målsetningen var å finne ut hva som kjennetegner forløp mot tvangsinnleggelser og hva som kan gjøres i kommunale psykiske helsetjenester for å forebygge slike innleggelser. Vi ønsket også å utvikle en helhetlig intervensjon for kommunale psykiske helsetjenester som kan bidra til å redusere antall tvangsinnleggelser. For å undersøke dette samlet vi inn data gjennom kvalitative intervju, både individuelt og i grupper, og avholdt dialogkonferanser og tilbakemeldingsmøter med personer i de fem kommunene. Vi avdekket flere mangler og forbedringsområder i kommunale psykiske helsetjenestesettinger, og det var ikke jobbet systematisk med reduksjon av tvangsinnleggelser i disse tjenestene. Resultatene tyder på at det kan være mulig å redusere tvangsinnleggelser gjennom målrettede tiltak i kommunale psykiske helsetjenester. I tråd med dette utviklet vi sammen med deltakerne en helhetlig intervensjon for kommunale psykiske helsetjenester og deres samarbeidspartnere. Intervensjonen består av seks strategiområder med ulike tiltak som kan implementeres i tjenestene for å jobbe mot redusert bruk av tvangsinnleggelser&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Irene Wormdahl</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trond Hatling</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tonje Lossius Husum</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sloveig Kjus</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jorun Rugkåsa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dorte Brodersen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Signe Dahl Christensen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Petter Sundt Nyborg</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Torstein Borch Skolseng</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eva Irene Ødegård</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anna Margrethe Andersen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Espen Gundersen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rise, Marit B.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The ReCoN intervention: a co-created comprehensive intervention for primary mental health care aiming to prevent involuntary admissions</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BMC Health Services Research (Open Access)</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coercion</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Involuntary admission</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Primary mental health care</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">primærhelsetjenesten</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reducing</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">reduction</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">reduksjon</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tvang</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsinnleggelse</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">07/2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://bmchealthservres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12913-022-08302-w</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">22</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;h3 data-test=&quot;abstract-sub-heading&quot;&gt;Background&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;Reducing involuntary psychiatric admissions is a global concern. In Norway, the rate of involuntary admissions was 199 per 100,000 people 16&amp;thinsp;years and older in 2020. Individuals&amp;rsquo; paths towards involuntary psychiatric admissions usually unfold when they live in the community and referrals to such admissions are often initiated by primary health care professionals. Interventions at the primary health care level can therefore have the potential to prevent such admissions. Interventions developed specifically for this care level are, however, lacking. To enhance the quality and development of services in a way that meets stakeholders&amp;rsquo; needs and facilitates implementation to practice, involving both persons with lived experience and service providers in developing such interventions is requested.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3 data-test=&quot;abstract-sub-heading&quot;&gt;Aim&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;To develop a comprehensive intervention for primary mental health care aiming to prevent involuntary admissions of adults.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3 data-test=&quot;abstract-sub-heading&quot;&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;This study had an action research approach with a participatory research design. Dialogue conferences with multiple stakeholders in five Norwegian municipalities, inductive thematic analysis of data material from the conferences, and a series of feedback meetings were conducted.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3 data-test=&quot;abstract-sub-heading&quot;&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;The co-creation process resulted in the development of the ReCoN (Reducing Coercion in Norway) intervention. This is a comprehensive intervention that includes six strategy areas: [1] Management, [2] Involving Persons with Lived Experience and Family Carers, [3] Competence Development, [4] Collaboration across Primary and Specialist Care Levels, [5] Collaboration within the Primary Care Level, and [6] Tailoring Individual Services. Each strategy area has two to four action areas with specified measures that constitute the practical actions or tasks that are believed to collectively impact the need for involuntary admissions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3 data-test=&quot;abstract-sub-heading&quot;&gt;Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;The ReCoN intervention has the potential for application to both national and international mental health services. The co-creation process with the full range of stakeholders ensures face validity, acceptability, and relevance. The effectiveness of the ReCoN intervention is currently being tested in a cluster randomised controlled trial. Given positive effects, the ReCoN intervention may impact individuals with a severe mental illness at risk of involuntary admissions, as more people may experience empowerment and autonomy instead of coercion in their recovery process.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsinnleggelse</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>27</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tora Benedicte Svare Leinan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Katie Iren Wickstrøm</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dagfinn Bjørgen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Geir Småvik</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvang uten døgnopphold - &quot;Tvang som rutine?&quot;</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">erfaringer</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TUD</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tvungent vern uten døgnopphold</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">08/2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://kbtkompetanse.no/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/Hovedrapport_Nettversjon_TUD_2021.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kompetansesenter for brukererfaring og tjenesteutvikling (KBT) </style></publisher><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Mål for prosjektet Overordnet mål for prosjektet var å få mer kunnskap om hva informantene som er, eller har vært underlagt vedtak om Tvungent psykisk helsevern uten døgnopphold (TUD) mener alternativet kan være; hvordan de opplever TUD, hva de trenger hjelp til, hva de savnet av hjelp som alternativ til tvang. Prosjektet hadde også som intensjon å inkludere pårørendeperspektivet, men av ulike årsaker lot dette seg ikke gjøre, så prosjektet omhandler derfor kun informasjon fra pasienter med erfaring fra TUD, tvang uten døgnopphold. Disse vil i det videre kalles for informanter. Målet var også å ev. finne svar på hvorfor pasienter ikke frivillig tok imot hjelpen som ble tilbudt dem, slik at tvungent psykisk helsevern uten døgnopphold ble det valgte tiltak. Hensikten var i utgangspunktet å løfte frem både pasienters og pårørendes erfaringer/anbefalinger om hva som kan bidra til reduksjon i tvangsbruk. I denne rapporten har vi som sagt kun hentet erfaringer fra pasientene. Problemstilling Hvordan kan helseforetaket gi nødvendig helsehjelp til pasienter som ikke frivillig vil ta imot den hjelpen helsetjenesten tilbyr.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rapport</style></work-type><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tud</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wormdahl, Irene</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Husum, Tonje Lossius</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rugkåsa, Jorun</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rise, Marit B.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Professionals' perspectives on factors within primary mental health services that can affect pathways to involuntary psychiatric admissions</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Int J Ment Health Syst.</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Involuntary admission</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kommunehelsetjeneste</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mental Health</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mental health recovery</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mental health services</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Primary mental health care</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">primærhelsetjeneste</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Psychiatry</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsinnleggelse</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11/2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7678112/</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;Reducing involuntary psychiatric admissions has been on the international human rights and health policy agenda for years. Despite the last decades&amp;#39; shift towards more services for adults with severe mental illness being provided in the community, most research on how to reduce involuntary admissions has been conducted at secondary health care level. Research from the primary health care level is largely lacking. The aim of this study was to explore mental health professionals&amp;#39; experiences with factors within primary mental health services that might increase the risk of involuntary psychiatric admissions of adults, and their views on how such admissions might be avoided.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;Qualitative semi-structured interviews with thirty-two mental health professionals from five Norwegian municipalities. Data were analysed according to the Systematic Text Condensation method.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;Within primary mental health care professionals experienced that a number of factors could increase the risk of involuntary psychiatric admissions. Insufficient time and flexibility in long-term follow-up, limited resources, none or arbitrary use of crisis plans, lack of tailored housing, few employment opportunities, little diversity in activities offered, limited opportunities for voluntary admissions, inadequate collaboration between services and lack of competence were some of the factors mentioned to increase the risk of involuntary psychiatric admissions. Several suggestions on how involuntary psychiatric admissions might be avoided were put forward.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;Mental health professionals within primary mental health care experienced that their services might play an active part in preventing the use of involuntary psychiatric admissions, suggesting potential to facilitate a reduction by intervening at this service level. Health authorities&amp;#39; incentives to reduce involuntary psychiatric admissions should to a greater extent incorporate the primary health care level. Further research is needed on effective interventions and comprehensive models adapted for this care level.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsinnleggelse</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>36</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wiersdalen, M A</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sykepleiers holdninger til tvang i psykisk helsevern</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Holdninger</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Psykisk helsevern</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sykepleier</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tvang</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsmidler</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">06/2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Høgskulen på Vestlandet, bachelor i sykepleie</style></publisher><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Tittel:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Sykepleiers holdninger til tvang i psykisk helsevern&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bakgrunn for valg av tema:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tvang i psykisk helsevern er et kontroversielt tema. Regjeringen har et mål om å redusere tvangsbruken. Hensikten med denne oppgaven er å få bedre forståelse for sykepleiers rolle vedrørende tvang og i hvilken grad holdninger kan påvirke bruken av tvang.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Problemstilling:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;laquo;Hvordan kan sykepleiers holdninger påvirke bruken av tvang?&amp;raquo;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Metode:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Dette er en litteraturstudie hvor eksisterende forskning og faglitteratur er brukt for å svare på en problemstilling.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Funn og konklusjon:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Sosialpsykologiske teorier viser at sterke holdninger påvirker handlinger. Forskning viser at sykepleiere anser tvang som nødvendig, men bruk tvang kan samtidig føre til dårlig samvittighet. Sykepleieres holdninger påvirkes av både kollegaer og personalkultur. Erfaring, alder og kjønn kan påvirke holdninger og bruken av tvang. Denne litteraturstudien foreslår videre forskning på temaet, mer undervisning, og at det er blandede kjønn, alder og erfaringsnivå blant personalet på avdelinger. Dette vil kunne ha en innvirkning på sykepleieres holdninger, og bruken av tvang.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Abstract&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Title:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Attitudes of nurses towards the use of coercion within psychiatric health care&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Background:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Coercion within psychiatric health care is a controversial topic. The Norwegian government aims to reduce the use of coercion within psychiatric health care services. The intent behind this assignment is to better understand nurses&amp;rsquo; role in coercion, and to what extent attitudes can influence the use of coercion.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Research question:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;ldquo;How can attitudes of nurses influence the use of coercion?&amp;rdquo;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Method:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;This is a literature review where existing research and literature were used to answer the problem to be addressed.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Findings and conclusion:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Sociopsychological theories show that strong attitudes influence actions. Studies show nurses&amp;rsquo; view coercion as a necessity, but it may lead to a feeling of guilt. Nurses&amp;rsquo; attitudes are affected by colleagues and staff culture. Experience, age and gender may influence the use of coercion. This literature review suggests further research on the subject as well as more training and mixed personnel at the hospital ward, as these factors may have an impact in nurses&amp;rsquo; attitudes and the use of coercion.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Keywords: Attitudes of nurses, coercion, mental health care,&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bachelor Thesis</style></work-type><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tvangsmidler</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elin Håkonsen Martinsen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bente M Weimand</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reidun Norvoll</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Does coercion matter? Supporting young next-of-kin in mental health care</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nursing Ethics</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coercion</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mental Health</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">next-of-kin</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">09/2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;h4&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:11.0pt&quot;&gt;BACKGROUND: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;&lt;p&gt;Coercion can cause harm to both the patient and the patient&amp;#39;s family. Few studies have examined how the coercive treatment of a close relative might affect young next-of-kin.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h4&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:11.0pt&quot;&gt;RESEARCH QUESTIONS: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;&lt;p&gt;We aimed to investigate the views and experiences of health professionals being responsible for supporting young next-of-kin to patients in mental health care (children-responsible staff) in relation to the needs of these young next-of-kin in coercive situations and to identify ethical challenges.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h4&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:11.0pt&quot;&gt;RESEARCH DESIGN: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;&lt;p&gt;We conducted a qualitative study based on semistructured, focus group interviews and an individual interview.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h4&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:11.0pt&quot;&gt;PARTICIPANTS AND RESEARCH CONTEXT: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;&lt;p&gt;We held three focus group interviews with six to seven children-responsible staff in each group (a total of 20 participants) and one individual interview with a family therapist. The participants were recruited from three hospital trusts in the eastern part of Norway.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h4&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:11.0pt&quot;&gt;ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;&lt;p&gt;The study was approved by the National Data Protection Official for Research and based on informed consent and confidentiality.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h4&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:11.0pt&quot;&gt;FINDINGS: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;&lt;p&gt;Coercion was not a theme among the participants in relation to their work with young next-of-kin, and there was much uncertainty related to whether these young people need special support to deal with the coercive treatment of their close relative. Despite the uncertainty, the study indicated a need for more information and emotional support among the youth.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h4&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:11.0pt&quot;&gt;DISCUSSION: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;&lt;p&gt;Few studies have addressed the potential impact of coercive treatment of a close family member on young next-of-kin. The findings were consistent with existing research but highlighted disagreement and uncertainty among the children-responsible staff about to what extent the young next-of-kin should visit and whether they should enter the ward unit or not. We identified ethical challenges for the children-responsible staff related to the principle of not inflicting harm (&lt;i&gt;nonmaleficence&lt;/i&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h4&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:11.0pt&quot;&gt;CONCLUSION: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;Calibri&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;From the perspective of children-responsible staff, it appears that the coercive treatment of a close family member entails a need for extra support of young relatives both in relation to information and the facilitation of visits, but more systematic knowledge about these issues is needed.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sep 9:969733019871681</style></issue><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsmidler, Tvangsinnleggelse, Tvangsbehandling, Erfaringsbaserte</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stuen, HK</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Landheim, A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rugkåsa, J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wynn, R</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">How clinicians make decisions about CTOs in ACT: a qualitative study</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">International Journal of  Mental Health Systems</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ACT</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Community Treatment Order</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CTO</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11/2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://ijmhs.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13033-018-0230-2</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;h3&gt;BACKGROUND:&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;The first 12 Norwegian assertive community treatment (ACT) teams were piloted from 2009 to 2011. Of the 338 patients included during the teams&amp;#39; first year of operation, 38% were subject to community treatment orders (CTOs). In Norway as in many other Western countries, the use of CTOs is relatively high despite lack of robust evidence for their effectiveness. The purpose of the present study was to explore how responsible clinicians reason and make decisions about the&amp;nbsp;continued use of CTOs, recall to hospital and the&amp;nbsp;discontinuation of CTOs within an ACT setting.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h4&gt;METHODS:&lt;/h4&gt;&lt;p&gt;Semi-structured interviews with eight responsible clinicians combined with patient case files and observations of treatment planning meetings. The data were analysed using a modified grounded theory approach.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h4&gt;RESULTS:&lt;/h4&gt;&lt;p&gt;The participants emphasized that being part of a multidisciplinary team with shared caseload responsibility that provides intensive services over long periods of time allowed for more nuanced assessments and more flexible treatment solutions on CTOs. The treatment criterion was typically used to justify the need for CTO. There was substantial variation in the responsible clinicians&amp;#39; legal interpretation of dangerousness, and some clinicians applied the dangerousness criterion more than others.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h4&gt;CONCLUSIONS:&lt;/h4&gt;&lt;p&gt;According to the clinicians, many patients subject to CTOs were referred from hospitals and high security facilities, and decisions regarding the continuation of CTOs typically involved multiple and interacting risk factors. While patients&amp;#39; need for treatment was most often applied to justify the need for CTOs, in some cases the&amp;nbsp;use of CTOs was described as a tool to contain dangerousness and prevent harm.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">51</style></issue><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TUD</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rolf Wynn</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Involuntary admission in Norwegian adult psychiatric hospitals: a systematic review</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">International journal of mental health systems</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsinnleggelse</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stuen, HK</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Landheim, A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rugkåsa, J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wynn, R</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Responsibilities with conflicting priorities: a qualitative study of ACT providers' experiences with community treatment orders</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BMC Health Services Research (Open Access)</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ACT</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Community Treatment Order</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">04/2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://bmchealthservres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12913-018-3097-7</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">290</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;h4&gt;BACKGROUND:&lt;/h4&gt;&lt;p&gt;Patients with severe mental illness may be subjected to Community Treatment Orders (CTOs) in order to secure that the patients adhere to treatment. Few studies have investigated the use of CTOs within an Assertive Community Treatment (ACT) setting, and little is known about how the tension between the patients&amp;#39; autonomy and the clinicians&amp;#39; responsibility to act in the patients&amp;#39; best interest are resolved in practice. The aim of this study was to explore the service providers&amp;#39; experiences with CTOs within an ACT setting.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h4&gt;METHODS:&lt;/h4&gt;&lt;p&gt;The study was based on reviews of case files of 15 patients, eight individual qualitative in depth interviews and four focus group interviews with service providers involved in ACT and decisions related to CTOs. A modified grounded theory approach was used to analyze the data.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h4&gt;RESULTS:&lt;/h4&gt;&lt;p&gt;The main theme &amp;#39;responsibility with conflicting priorities&amp;#39; emerged from data analysis (case file reviews, individual interviews and focus group interviews). The balance between coercive approaches and the emphasis on promoting patient autonomy was seen as problematic. The participants saw few alternatives to CTOs as long-term measures to secure ongoing treatment for some of the patients. However, participants perceived the ACT model&amp;#39;s comprehensive scope as an opportunity to build rapport with patients and thereby better meet their needs. The team approach, the ACT providers&amp;#39; commitment to establish supportive relationships and the frequent meetings with patients in their home environment were highlighted. The ACT approach gave them insight into patients&amp;#39; everyday lives and, in some cases a greater sense of security when considering whether to take patients off CTOs.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h4&gt;CONCLUSIONS:&lt;/h4&gt;&lt;p&gt;Many of the participants viewed CTOs as helpful in securing long-term treatment for patients. CTO decision-making was described as challenging and complex and presented the providers with many dilemmas. The ACT approach was considered as helpful in that it afforded comprehensive, patient-centered support and opportunities to build rapport.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TUD</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ketil Røtvold</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rolf Wynn</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">How involuntary admission might have been avoided: An interview study of referring general practitioners</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">European Psychiatry</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">41</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsinnleggelse</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lars Henrik Myklebust</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Knut Sørgaard</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rolf Wynn</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">How mental health service systems are organized may affect the rate of acute admissions to specialized care: Report from a natural experiment involving 5338 admissions</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SAGE Open Medicine</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsinnleggelse</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>12</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elin Håkonsen Martinsen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bente M Weimand</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reidar Pedersen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reidun Norvoll</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hvordan snakke med unge som har sett tvang mot familiemedlemmer?</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dagens Medisin</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">dagensmedisin.no</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Etikk, Erfaringsbaserte</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elin Håkonsen Martinsen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bente M Weimand</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reidar Pedersen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reidun Norvoll</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The silent world of young next of kin in mental healthcare</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nursing Ethics</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Children of parents with a mental illness,ethics,family ethics,family support,mental healthcare,sibling caregivers</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year></dates><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Background:Young next of kin to patients with mental health problems are faced with many challenges. It is important to focus on the special needs of children and adolescents as next of kin to ensure their welfare and prevent harm.Research questions:We aimed to investigate young next of kin&amp;rsquo;s need for information and involvement, to examine the ways they cope with situations involving coercion related to the treatment of their relative, and to identify ethical challenges.Research design:We conducted a qualitative study based on semi-structured, individual interviews.Participants and research context:Seven young next of kin aged 14&amp;ndash;22 years participated in the study. The informants were recruited from a regional hospital trust in Norway.Ethical considerations:The study was approved by the National Data Protection Official for Research and based upon informed consent and confidentiality.Findings:The adolescents wanted more information and described a need for increased interaction with their sick relative at the hospital. They struggled to keep their relationship with their relative intact, and they described communication problems in the family. Coercive treatment was perceived in a negative way.Discussion:The study finds that there are ethical challenges at stake for young next of kin and their families other than those that are often emphasized by traditional healthcare, which often focuses on the individual patient&amp;rsquo;s rights. These challenges are related to the young next of kin&amp;rsquo;s needs for interconnectedness and for the preservation of relationships as well as challenges related to family communication and the need for information.Conclusion:The study finds a need for more family-oriented perspectives in both mental healthcare practices and healthcare ethics.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Erfaringsbaserte</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ketil Røtvold</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rolf Wynn</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Involuntary psychiatric admission: how the patients are detected and the general practitioners’ expectations for hospitalization. An interview-based study</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">International Journal of Mental Health Systems</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">International journal of mental health systems</style></short-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsinnleggelse</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ewa Ness</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ole Steen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jon G. Reichelt</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fredrik A. Walby</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reduksjon av tvangsinnleggelser fra legevakt</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tidsskrift for Norsk Psykologforening</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://bit.ly/2bgbiKD</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsinnleggelse</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Froukje Weidema</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hans van Dartel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molewijk, Bert</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Working towards implementing moral case deliberation in mental healthcare: Ongoing dialogue and shared ownership as strategy</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clinical EthicsClinical Ethics</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Implementation,moral case deliberation,mental healthcare,dialogue,clinical ethics support</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2-3</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">54-62</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;The design and implementation of clinical ethics support is attracting increasing attention. Often, the characteristics and aims of clinical ethics support are translated into practice in a top-down, programmatic manner. These characteristics and aims then remain a constant feature of the clinical ethics support functions within the organisation. We argue that the characteristics of clinical ethics support should be reflected in the implementation strategy. Inspired by dialogical, pragmatic and hermeneutic perspectives on clinical ethics support in general and moral case deliberation in particular, we argue for a dialogical approach to implementing clinical ethics support, based on open, ongoing discussion with healthcare professionals about how they conceive (the aims of) clinical ethics support. Based on research and experience with various moral case deliberation implementation projects in mental healthcare, we present a theoretical framework for dialogical implementation and heuristic guidelines for implementing moral case deliberation in mental healthcare, which take into account the dialogical characteristics of moral case deliberation and some specific features of mental healthcare.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2-3</style></issue><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Etikk</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stuen, Hanne Kilen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rugkåsa, Jorun</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Landheim, Anne</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rolf Wynn</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Increased influence and collaboration: a qualitative study of patients’ experiences of community treatment orders within an assertive community treatment setting</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BMC Health Services ResearchBMC Health Serv Res</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://bmchealthservres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12913-015-1083-x</style></url></web-urls></urls><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1-13</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1472-6963</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ketil Røtvold</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rolf Wynn</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Involuntary psychiatric admission: Characteristics of the referring doctors and the doctors’ experiences of being pressured</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nordic Journal of PsychiatryNordic Journal of Psychiatry</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">69</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rolf Wynn</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ketil Røtvold</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Involuntary psychiatric admission: The referring general practitioners’ assessment of patients’ dangerousness and need for psychiatric hospital treatment</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.3109/08039488.2015.1046915</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsinnleggelse</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rolf Wynn</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Use of Physical Restraint in Norwegian Adult Psychiatric Hospitals</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.hindawi.com/journals/psychiatry/2015/347246/ref/</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsmidler</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rotvold, K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wynn, R.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Involuntary psychiatric admission: Characteristics of the referring doctors and the doctors' experiences of being pressured</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nordic Journal of Psychiatry</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25536143</style></url></web-urls></urls><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1-7</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0803-9488</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsinnleggelse</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Myklebust, Lars</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sorgaard, Knut</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rolf Wynn</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Local psychiatric beds appear to decrease the use of involuntary admission: a case-registry study</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BMC Health Services Research (Open Access)</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6963/14/64</style></url></web-urls></urls><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1472-6963</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TvangsbehandlingEtikk</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Geir F Lorem</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jartrud S Frafjord</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marie Steffensen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Catharina EA wang</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Medication and participation: A qualitative study of patient experiences with antipsychotic drugs</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nursing Ethics</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=rzh&amp;AN=2012563182&amp;site=ehost-live</style></url></web-urls></urls><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">21</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">347-358</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0969-7330</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">University of Tromsø, Norway geir.lorem@uit.no</style></auth-address><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsbehandling</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>19</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">WSO</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Menneskerettighetsarbeidet 2014</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.wso.no/?s=1&amp;id=110</style></url></web-urls></urls><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">We Shall Overcome</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Erfaringsbaserte</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Geir F Lorem</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marie Steffensen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jartrud Frafjord</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Catharina EA wang</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Omsorg under tvang - En narrativ studie av pasienters fortellinger om tvang og psykisk helsevern</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tidsskrift for psykisk helsearbeid</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.idunn.no/ts/tph/2014/02/omsorg_under_tvang_-_en_narrativ_studie_av_pasienters_forte</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsinnleggelse, Tvangsmidler, Etikk</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Geir F Lorem</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jartrud S Frafjord</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marie Steffensen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Catharina EA wang</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Medication and participation: A qualitative study of patient experiences with antipsychotic drugs</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nursing Ethics</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://nej.sagepub.com/content/early/2013/10/03/0969733013498528.abstract</style></url></web-urls></urls><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsbehandling, Tvangsmedisinering</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trygve Nissen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Per Rørvik</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Laila Haugslett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rolf Wynn</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physical Restraint and Near Death of a Psychiatric Patient</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Forensic Sciences</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1556-4029.2012.02290.x/full</style></url></web-urls></urls><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></number><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsmidler</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lars Henrik Myklebust</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Knut Sørgaard</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ketil Røtvold</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rolf Wynn</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Factors of importance to involuntary admission</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nordic Journal of Psychiatry</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://informahealthcare.com/doi/abs/10.3109/08039488.2011.611252</style></url></web-urls></urls><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">66</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsinnleggelse</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rolf Wynn</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ann-Mari Kvalvik</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Torfinn Hynnekleiv</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Attitudes to coercion at two Norwegian psychiatric 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