<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anne-Marthe Rustad Indregard</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hans Martin Nussle</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Milada Hagan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Per Olav Vandvik</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Martin Teli</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jakov Gather</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nikolaj Kunøe</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Open-door policy versus treatment-as-usual in urban psychiatric inpatient wards: a pragmatic, randomised controlled, non-inferiority trial in Norway</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lancet Psychiatry</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">05/2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38460529/</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;h2&gt;Abstract&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;Open-door policy is a recommended framework to reduce coercion in psychiatric wards. However, existing observational data might not fully capture potential increases in harm and use of coercion associated with open-door policies. In this first randomised controlled trial, we compared coercive practices in open-door policy and treatment-as-usual wards in an urban hospital setting. We hypothesised that the open-door policy would be non-inferior to treatment-as-usual on the proportion of patients exposed to coercive measures.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;We conducted a pragmatic, randomised controlled, non-inferiority trial comparing two open-door policy wards and three treatment-as-usual acute psychiatric wards at Lovisenberg Diaconal Hospital in Oslo, Norway. An exemption from the consent requirements enabled inclusion and random allocation of all patients admitted to these wards using an open list (2:3 ratio) administrated by a team of ward nurses. The primary outcome was the proportion of patient stays with one or more coercive measures, including involuntary medication, isolation or seclusion, and physical and mechanical restraints. The non-inferiority margin was set to 15%. Primary and safety analyses were assessed using the intention-to-treat population. The trial is registered with ISRCTN registry and is complete, ISRCTN16876467.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Findings:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;Between Feb 10, 2021, and Feb 1, 2022, we randomly assigned 556 patients to either open-door policy wards (n=245; mean age 41&amp;middot;6 [SD 14&amp;middot;5] years; 119 [49%] male; 126 [51%] female; and 180 [73%] admitted to the ward involuntarily) or treatment-as-usual wards (n=311; mean age 41&amp;middot;6 [4&amp;middot;3] years; 172 [55%] male and 138 [45%] female; 233 [75%] admitted involuntarily). Data on race and ethnicity were not collected. The open-door policy was non-inferior to treatment-as-usual on all outcomes: the proportion of patient stays with exposure to coercion was 65 (26&amp;middot;5%) in open-door policy wards and 104 (33&amp;middot;4%) in treatment-as-usual wards (risk difference 6&amp;middot;9%; 95% CI -0&amp;middot;7 to 14&amp;middot;5), with a similar trend for specific measures of coercion. Reported incidents of violence against staff were 0&amp;middot;15 per patient stay in open-door policy wards and 0&amp;middot;18 in treatment-as-usual wards. There were no suicides during the randomised controlled trial period.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Interpretation:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;The open-door policy could be safely implemented without increased use of coercive measures. Our findings underscore the need for more reliable and relevant randomised trials to investigate how a complex intervention, such as open-door policy, can be efficiently implemented across health-care systems and contexts.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Funding:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;South-Eastern Norway Regional Health Authority and The Research Council of Norway.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fagfellevurdert artikkel</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">330</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>27</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Esben Søndergaard Bruun Olesen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trond Bliksvær</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lea Louise Videt</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marius Storvik</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lena Augusta Ulfseth</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Willy Lichtwarck</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%"> GRENSESETTING OG BRUK AV TVANG OVERFOR BARN I FOSTERHJEM</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GRENSESETTING OG BRUK AV TVANG OVERFOR BARN I FOSTERHJEM</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">barn</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">fosterhjem</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">grensesetting</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tvang</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">08/2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://munin.uit.no/bitstream/handle/10037/30431/article.pdf?sequence=2&amp;isAllowed=y</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nordlandsforskning AS</style></publisher><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">978-82-7321-872-8</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Denne forskningsrapporten undersøker grensesetting og bruk av tvang overfor barn som bor i fosterhjem. Studien er utført på oppdrag fra Barne-, ungdoms- - og familiedirektoratet (Bufdir). Med utgangspunkt i oppdraget fra Bufdir undersøkes følgende problemstillinger i rapporten: i) Det analyseres hvordan relevante aktører oppfatter og opplever grensesetting og bruken av tvang i fosterhjem, og hvordan de forstår grensen mellom forsvarlig grensesetting og uønsket grensesetting eller tvang. Dette gjelder unge som bor i fosterhjem, fosterforeldre, ansatte i barneverntjenester, tilsynspersoner og ansatte hos statsforvalteren. ii) Det gjennomføres en kartlegging av omfanget og innholdet av grensesetting og tvangsbruk i norske fosterhjem, herunder en kartlegging av hvordan fosterforeldre håndterer tvangssituasjoner og hvilke strategier som benyttes for å forebygge uønsket grensesetting og tvang. iii) Tilsynssystemets funksjon i relasjon til grensesetting og tvang i fosterhjem undersøkes. iv) Det gjennomføres en kartlegging av hvilke forebyggende tiltak og støtteforanstaltninger fosterhjem mottar for å begrense bruken av tvang og uønsket grensesetting. v) Med utgangspunkt i gjeldende lover og forskrifter, samt funnene i rapporten, undersøkes det om den rettslige reguleringen av tvangsbruk i fosterhjem er tilstrekkelig. Basert på funnene i rapporten presenteres en rekke anbefalinger om bruk av grensesetting og tvang overfor barn som bor i fosterhjem. Rapporten bygger på et forskningsdesign som benytter både kvalitativ og kvantitativ metode. Det kvantitative materialet omfatter to nasjonale spørreundersøkelser til henholdsvis fosterforeldre og ledere av landets barnevernstjenester. Det kvalitative materialet omfatter intervjuer med følgende aktører: 1) barn og unge som bor, eller har bodd, i fosterhjem. 2) fosterforeldre, 3) ansatte i barnevernet, 4) tilsynspersoner og 5) ansatte hos statsforvalterne. Analytisk tas det utgangspunkt i den metodologiske og teoretiske retningen institusjonell etnografi, hvor sosiale fenomener undersøkes med et nedenfra-opp perspektiv. Dermed vektlegges perspektivet til aktørene og deres erfaringer og fortellinger forstås ut fra den institusjonelle konteksten de befinner seg i.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rapport</style></work-type></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hirsch, Sophie</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Baumgardt, Johanna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bechdolf, Andreas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Buhling-Schindowski, Felix</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cole, Celline</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flammer, Erich</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mahler, Lieselotte</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muche, Rainer</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sauter, Dorothea</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vandamme, Angelika</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Steinert, Tilman</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Implementation of guidelines on prevention of coercion and violence: baseline data of the randomized controlled PreVCo study</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Frontiers in Psychiatry</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coercion</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">evidence based care</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">guidelines</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">implementation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mental heath</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Psychiatry</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Restraint</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seclusion</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;The PreVCo study examines whether a structured, operationalized implementation of guidelines to prevent coercion actually leads to fewer coercive measures on psychiatric wards. It is known from the literature that rates of coercive measures differ greatly between hospitals within a country. Studies on that topic also showed large Hawthorne effects. Therefore, it is important to collect valid baseline data for the comparison of similar wards and controlling for observer effects.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hirsch, Sophie</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Baumgardt, Johanna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bechdolf, Andreas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Buhling-Schindowski, Felix</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cole, Celline</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flammer, Erich</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mahler, Lieselotte</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muche, Rainer</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sauter, Dorothea</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vandamme, Angelika</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Steinert, Tilman</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Implementation of guidelines on prevention of coercion and violence: baseline data of the randomized controlled PreVCo study</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Frontiers in Psychiatry</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coercion</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">evidence based care</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">guidelines</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">implementation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mental heath</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Psychiatry</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Restraint</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seclusion</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;The PreVCo study examines whether a structured, operationalized implementation of guidelines to prevent coercion actually leads to fewer coercive measures on psychiatric wards. It is known from the literature that rates of coercive measures differ greatly between hospitals within a country. Studies on that topic also showed large Hawthorne effects. Therefore, it is important to collect valid baseline data for the comparison of similar wards and controlling for observer effects.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jaakko Varpula</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maritta Välimäki,</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johanna Pulkkinen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tella Lantta</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Patient Falls in Seclusion Rooms in Psychiatric Inpatient Care: A Sociotechnical Probabilistic Risk Modeling Study</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Nursing Care Quality</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">accidental falls</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">hospital psychiatric department</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">inpatients</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">patient safety</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">risk assessment</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9944373/pdf/jncqu-38-190.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ABSTRACT Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Patient falls are a major adverse event in psychiatric inpatient care. Purpose: To model the risk for patient falls in seclusion rooms in psychiatric inpatient care.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Sociotechnical probabilistic risk assessment (ST-PRA) was used to model the risk for falls. Data sources were the research team, literature review, and exploration groups of psychiatric nurses. Data were analyzed with fault tree analysis.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results&lt;/strong&gt;: The risk for a patient fall in a seclusion room was 1.8%. Critical paths included diagnosis of a psychiatric disorder, the mechanism of falls, failure to assess and prevent falls, and psychological or physical reason. The most significant individual risk factor for falls was diagnosis of schizophrenia.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;Falls that occur in seclusion events are associated with physical and psychological risk factors. Therefore, risk assessment methods and fall prevention interventions considering patient behavioral disturbance and physiological risk factors in seclusion are warranted.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arne Lillelien</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jørgen Strand</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Inger Hilde Vik</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trude Wallin Haugen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jan Hammer</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Basal eksponeringsterapi hjelper pasienter med alvorlige psykiske lidelser</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sykepleien</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Basal Eksponerings Terapi</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BET</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">reduksjon av tvang</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11/2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://sykepleien.no/fag/2021/08/basal-eksponeringsterapi-hjelper-pasienter-med-alvorlige-psykiske-lidelser</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">109</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hovedbudskap&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ønsket om en verdiforankret praksis er tett knyttet til nasjonale og internasjonale føringer. Seksjon for basal eksponeringsterapi (BET-seksjonen) ved Blakstad sykehus i Vestre Viken HF har verdiforankret både driften og behandlingen. Det har ført til lovende behandlingsresultater og bedre ressursutnyttelse i et helseøkonomisk perspektiv. Både FN og Verdens helseorganisasjon berømmer seksjonen for tilbudet de gir til mennesker med alvorlige og sammensatte helseutfordringer.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">annet</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>13</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kjersti Sunniva Bjøntegård</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Torkil Berge</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Petter Ekern</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kåre Osnes</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anne Helene Vedlog</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bruker spør bruker om opplevelser med tvangsvedtak i psykisk helsevern</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bruker</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Opplevd tvang</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsvedtak</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://sykepleien.no/fag/2020/12/bruker-spor-bruker-om-opplevelser-med-tvangsvedtak-i-psykisk-helsevern</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;I bruker-spør-bruker-undersøkelser er brukere av helsetjenester sentrale i utformingen av problemstillinger og innsamling og tolkning av data. Metoden gir personer i marginaliserte situasjoner en mulighet til å få formidlet sine erfaringer og synspunkter. Artikkelen gir eksempler på bruk av metoden fra en studie der de fleste av pasientene som deltok, var tvangsinnlagt på lukket akuttpost.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Erfaringsbaserte</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>36</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vatne, J</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hvordan kan sykepleier kommunisere med psykotiske pasienter for å forebygge bruken av mekaniske tvangsmiddel på akutt psykiatrisk sengepost?</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mekaniske tvangsmidler</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sykepleier-pasient-relasjon</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">08/2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://hdl.handle.net/11250/2673862</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">VID vitenskapelige høgskole, Bachelor i sykepleie - Diakonhjemmet</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oslo</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Problemstilling:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;ldquo;Hvordan kan sykepleier kommunisere med psykotiske pasienter for å forebygge bruken av mekaniske tvangsmiddel på akutt psykiatrisk sengepost?&amp;rdquo;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Metode:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Systematisk litteraturstudie som tar utgangspunkt i allerede eksisterende forskning og aktuell litteratur.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Funn:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Forskningen peker på flere tiltak for hvordan sykepleier kan forebygge bruken av mekaniske tvangsmidler. Gjennomgående er viktigheten av god kommunikasjon, forebygge eskalering og sykepleierens kunnskap og selvtillit i møte med utagerende pasienter.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Drøfting:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Drøftingen er basert på funnene fra forskningen og valgt litteratur. Det blir drøftet om temaer knyttet til sykepleierens kommunikasjon, tiltak for å forebygge bruken av tvangsmiddel og brukernes erfaring.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Konklusjon:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Valgt teori og forskning viser at det vil være mulig for sykepleier å bruke kommunikasjon for å forebygge bruken av mekaniske tvangsmidler på akutt psykiatrisk sengepost. Trening på forebyggende teknikker og kjennskap til ulike tiltak vil ha innvirkning. Brukernes erfaringer og forslag er viktig i arbeidet mot å forebygge bruken av tvangsmidler&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bachelor Thesis</style></work-type><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tvangsmidler</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hammervold, U.E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Norvoll, R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vevatne, K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Saagvaag, H.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Post-incident reviews-a gift to the Ward or just another procedure? Care providers' experiences and considerations regarding post-incident reviews after restraint in mental health services. A qualitative study</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BMC Health Services Research (Open Access)</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ettersamtaler</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsbehandling</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsmidler</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">06/2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://bmchealthservres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12913-020-05370-8</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">20</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Public guidelines in many western countries recommend post-incident reviews (PIRs) with patients after restraint use in mental health care. PIRs are one of several elements of seclusion and restraint reduction in internationally used programmes. PIRs may improve restraint prevention, patients&amp;#39; recovery processes and care providers&amp;#39; ethical mindfulness. The knowledge base on PIRs is, however, vague. This qualitative study explores professional care providers&amp;#39; experiences and considerations regarding PIRs that included patients after restraint use in a Norwegian context.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h4&gt;METHODS:&lt;/h4&gt;&lt;p&gt;Within a phenomenological hermeneutical framework, 19 multidisciplinary care providers were interviewed about their experiences and views regarding PIRs that included patients after restraint events. The interviews were performed over the period 2015-2016. Data analysis followed a data-driven stepwise approach in line with thematic content analysis. A group of two patient consultants in mental health services, and one patient&amp;#39;s next of kin, contributed with input regarding the interview guide and analysis process.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h4&gt;RESULTS:&lt;/h4&gt;&lt;p&gt;Care providers experienced PIRs as having the potential to improve the quality of care through a) knowledge of other perspectives and solutions; b) increased ethical and professional awareness; and c) emotional and relational processing. However, the care providers considered that PIRs&amp;#39; potential could be further exploited as they struggled to get hold on the patients&amp;#39; voices in the encounter. The care providers considered that issue to be attributable to the patients&amp;#39; conditions, the care providers&amp;#39; safety and skills and the characteristics of institutional and cultural conditions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h4&gt;CONCLUSION:&lt;/h4&gt;&lt;p&gt;Human care philosophies and a framework of care ethics seem to be preconditions for promoting patients&amp;#39; active participation in PIRs after restraints. Patients&amp;#39; voices strengthen PIRs&amp;#39; potential to improve care and may also contribute to restraint prevention. To minimise the power imbalance in PIRs, patients&amp;#39; vulnerability, dependency and perceived dignity must be recognised. Patients&amp;#39; individual needs and preferences should be assessed and mapped when planning PIRs, particularly regarding location, time and preferred participants. Care providers must receive training to strengthen their confidence in conducting PIRs in the best possible way. Patients&amp;#39; experiences with PIRs should be explored, especially if participation by trusted family members, peers or advocates may support the patients in PIRs.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">499</style></issue><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsbehandling, Tvangsinnleggelse, Tvangsmidler</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marius Prytz</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Karina Harkestad</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marius Veseth</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jone Bjornestad</style></author></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&quot;It's not a life of war and conflict&quot;: experienced therapists' views on negotiating a therapeutic alliance in involuntary treatment</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ann Gen Psychiatry</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Involuntary</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Therapeutic-alliance</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">06/2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;h4&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:11.0pt&quot;&gt;Background: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;&lt;p&gt;Working alliances are considered to be essential to treatment, and they represent a robust predictor of positive treatment outcomes. In a working alliance, a patient and therapist agree upon treatment decisions, which can raise a series of challenges when patients are in involuntary treatment. The aim of this study was to research how therapists experience negotiating a working alliance with patients with serious mental illnesses who are subjected to coercive treatment.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h4&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:11.0pt&quot;&gt;Methods: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;&lt;p&gt;Using a qualitative approach, we conducted 10 semi-structured interviews with experienced therapists in a Norwegian mental health care setting. Transcripts were analysed using a team-based thematic analysis method.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h4&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:11.0pt&quot;&gt;Results: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;&lt;p&gt;Two interrelated major themes and five sub-themes were identified: (1) between coercion and care; (a) the ease of coercion, (b) the paradox of autonomy, and (c) the coercion as care; and (2) imperative treatment and interpersonal dilemmas; (a) this is happening between us and (b) when we do not meet in the middle.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h4&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:11.0pt&quot;&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;&lt;p&gt;We conclude that the therapists exhibited a will to consider their patients&amp;#39; goals and methods, but only when they were in agreement, and they ultimately made treatment decisions themselves. Further, patient autonomy seems to come second in therapist assessments of needs for care; consequently, we question to what degree the working alliance as a defined concept of mutual agreement is present in the involuntary treatment we investigated.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">18:9</style></issue><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsbehandling, Tvangsinnleggelse, Tvangsmidler</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Torkil Berge</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kjersti Sunniva Bjøntegård</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Petter Ekern</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Martin Furan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nils Inge Landrø</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grete J. Sølvberg Larsen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kåre Osnes</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Inger Selvaag</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anne Helene Vedlog</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coercive mental health care – dilemmas in the decision-making process</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsinnleggelser</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvungent psykisk helsevern</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">08/2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://tidsskriftet.no/en/2018/08/originalartikkel/coercive-mental-health-care-dilemmas-decision-making-process</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;h3&gt;BACKGROUND&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;The use of coercive mental health care contravenes the principle of voluntary examination and treatment. However, it should be possible for persons at acute risk to receive imperative health assistance.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;MATERIAL AND METHOD&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;After evaluating 37 emergency interviews in psychiatric outpatient clinics where the use of coercive mental health care was considered, interviews were conducted with psychiatric triage clinicians.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;RESULTS&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;The study includes interviews that resulted in involuntary hospitalisation (n = 15), coerced observation (n = 2), voluntary hospitalisation (n = 14) and follow-up by the outpatient clinic (n = 6). Important factors in assessing the use of coercion were the severity of psychotic symptoms, suicide risk and risk for others, and difficult social circumstances. Three-quarters of psychiatric triage clinicians were in some degree of doubt, and 16 out of 37 experienced uneasiness during the assessment. With a view to enhancing the patient&amp;rsquo;s perception of having been met with respect, the triage clinicians emphasised the need for the patient&amp;rsquo;s opinion to be heard. Where the triage clinicians were in doubt, a number of professional and ethical issues were highlighted in the process of reaching a decision.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;DISCUSSION&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;Latitude should be given for ethical and professional reflection in relation to assessing the use of coercion in daily clinical practice, as well as training in measures to reinforce patients&amp;rsquo; experience of participation during the interview.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tvangsinnleggelse</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>36</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tor Egil Viblemo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aslak Syse</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fredrik Ellingsen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leif Oscar Olsen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sunniva-Bragdø-Ellenes</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evaluering av kvaliteten på tvangsvedtak</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Etikk</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">filosof</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">juss</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oxfordresearch.no/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/Evaluering-av-tvangsvedtak.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oxford Research AS</style></publisher><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Regjeringen oppnevnte i juni 2016 et lovutvalg som skal utrede behov for endringer i tvangslovgivningen i helse- og omsorgssektoren (Tvangslovutvalget).1 De sentrale reglene om bruk av tvang i helseog omsorgssektoren er samlet i fire regelsett; psykisk helsevernloven, pasient- og brukerrettighetsloven kapittel 4A (tvungen somatisk helsehjelp til blant annet demente), helse- og omsorgstjenestelovens kapittel 9 (tvang overfor psykisk utviklingshemmede) og kapittel 10 (tvangstiltak overfor rusmiddelavhengige). Dette gjør reglene uoversiktlige for både pasienter og behandlere. De nevnte regelsettene skal sikre forsvarlige tjenester til pasienter og brukere, og trekker grensen mellom lovlig og ulovlig tvang. Det er krav om at andre løsninger skal være prøvd før helse- og omsorgstjenesten vurderer bruk av tvang. Når det er nødvendig å bruke tvang, skal helse- og omsorgstjenesten ta beslutninger om tvangsbruk i tråd med loven. Internkontrollen skal sikre at tjenestene på området er i samsvar med gjeldende lover og forskrifter. Formålet med dette evalueringsoppdraget er å undersøke og evaluere kvaliteten på tvangsvedtak. Oppdraget omfatter en undersøkelse og evaluering av kvaliteten på vedtak fattet av kontrollkommisjonene, fylkesmennene og fylkesnemndene. Evalueringen er avgrenset til vedtak fattet av de respektive klageog overprøvingsinstansene. Oppdraget er todelt: En vedtaksanalyse og en spørreundersøkelse. Vedtaksanalysen har fokus på kvaliteten i begrunnelsen av vedtakene sett opp mot kravene i lov og andre rettsregler. Oppdraget omfatter ikke en materiell vurdering av om lovens vilkår for tvang er oppfylt i den enkelte sak. Spørreundersøkelsen har et videre fokus enn vedtakskvalitet (begrunnelsen i vedtakene) og vi har innhentet utfyllende informasjon om saksbehandlingen hos henholdsvis kontrollkommisjonene, fylkesmennene og fylkesnemndene. Oppdragets tidsperiode er juli 2017 til 31. desember 2017. Ved endringslov 10. februar 2017 nr. 6 ble det vedtatt en rekke endringer i psykisk helsevernlovens tvangsbestemmelser. Særlig viktige var endringer i phvl. kap. 3 og kap. 4. Disse endringene trådte i kraft 1. september 2017. Effekten av disse lovendringene avspeiles derfor ikke i den foreliggende undersøkelsen idet alle de undersøkte vedtakene er fattet i 2015 og 2016, dvs. før disse lovendringene ble vedtatt.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Etikk, Juss</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pasareanu, Adrian R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vederhus, John-Kåre</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anne Opsal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kristensen, Øistein</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clausen, Thomas</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mental distress following inpatient substance use treatment, modified by substance use; comparing voluntary and compulsory admissions</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BMC Health Services Research 2017</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsinnleggelse</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://bmchealthservres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12913-016-1936-y</style></url></web-urls></urls><edition><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3.01.2017</style></edition><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17:5</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsinnleggelse</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Veland, Martin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jacob, Anders</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bruker mindre tvang</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sykepleien</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://sykepleien.no/forskning/2016/03/reduksjon-av-tvangsmidler</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>34</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Henrik Vedum</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Forsvarlig helsehjelp i tvungent psykisk helsevern</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Det juridiske fakultet</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Universitet i Oslo</style></publisher><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Master Thesis</style></work-type></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adrian R. Pasareanu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John-Kåre Vederhus</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anne Opsal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Øistein Kristensen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thomas Clausen</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Improved drug-use patterns at 6 months post-discharge from inpatient substance use disorder treatment: results from compulsorily and voluntarily admitted patients</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BMC Health Services Research 2016</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year></dates><edition><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">20.07.2016</style></edition><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsmedisinering</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anne Opsal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kristensen, Øistein</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vederhus, John-Kåre</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clausen, Thomas</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Perceived coercion to enter treatment among involuntarily and voluntarily admitted patients with substance use disorders</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BMC Health Services Research 2016</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Opplevd tvang</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsinnleggelse</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://bmchealthservres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12913-016-1906-4</style></url></web-urls></urls><edition><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15.10.2016</style></edition><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16:656</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsinnleggelse, Opplevd Tvang</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>34</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valderhaug, Line</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bruk av mekaniske tvangsmidler i psykiatrisk institusjon for døgnopphold</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">rettssikkerhet</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsmidler</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">08/2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.duo.uio.no/bitstream/handle/10852/44611/1/792.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">UiO, Det juridiske fakultet</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oslo</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Oppgaven omhandler bruk av mekaniske tvangsmidler etter psykisk helsevernloven &amp;sect; 4-8. Oppgaven består av en teoretisk og en empirisk del. Den teoretiske delen inneholder en juridisk analyse av vilkårene for bruk av mekaniske tvangsmidler. Den empiriske delen er basert på intervju av helsepersonell ved to psykiatriske institusjoner og lederne av to kontrollkommisjoner. Det overordnede formålet med intervjuene er å få innblikk i ulike yrkesgruppers tolkning av reglene.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Master thesis</style></work-type><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tvangsmidler</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>34</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Erik Vatne</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bruk av tvangsmidler ved en akuttpsykiatrisk avdeling</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Akutt</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">akuttavdeling</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">akuttpost</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">akuttpsykiatri</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsmidler</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://brage.inn.no/inn-xmlui/bitstream/handle/11250/281912/Vatne.pdf?sequence=1&amp;isAllowed=y</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Høgskolen i Innlandet</style></publisher><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Bakgrunn: I de senere årene har det vært stort fokus på bruk av tvang innen psykiatri i Norge, både offentlig og i fagmiljøer. Å redusere unødvendig bruk av tvang er viktig både i behandlingsmessig og etisk perspektiv. Denne studien setter søkelyset på bruk av tvangsmidler og skjerming ved to akuttpsykiatriske enheter ved et sykehus på Østlandet.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Hensikt: Ved å belyse bruken av tvang kan dette medvirke til at sjefer og ansatte bli mer bevisst på problematikken rundt bruk av tvang. Dette kan bidra til å finne tiltak og gi læring, noe som kan bidra til å redusere tvang.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Metode: Dette er en kvalitativ og kvantitativ studie om hvilke synspunkter og utfordringer sjefer og personalet har ved bruk av tvangsmidler ved to enheter ved en psykiatrisk avdeling. Den kvalitative delen består av intervju med fem sjefer og kommentarer fra personalet i to spørreskjemaer. Avkrysningsfeltene i disse spørreskjemaene er den kvantitative delen. Det ene spørreskjemaet hadde svaralternativene svært uenig, uenig, nøytral, enig og svært uenig. Det andre spørreskjemaet hadde svaralternativene ja eller nei. I analysen er fokuset synspunkter og utfordringer sentralt.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Funn: I intervjuene og kommentarene kom det fram at det kunne være utfordringer knyttet til god relasjon og tillit til pasienten etter bruk av tvang, mangel på personal og fagfolk til tider, vanskelige omgivelser noen steder, viktig med debrifing etter episoder, viktig å ta opp episoden med pasienten i ettertid og noen ganger lite akseptabel bruk av tvang. På det ene spørreskjemaet (N 45) var det overraskende mange som svarte nøytral. Det gjaldt spørsmål om synspunkter på bruk av tvang. Spørsmålene det gjaldt var først og fremst i forhold til behandlingsrelasjonen (14), fallitterklæring for psykiatrien (15), om pasienten ble krenket (13), brukt for mye tvang (16), skulle brukes mer tvang og regressive pasienter (19). På to av spørsmålene var uenighet og enighet jevnt fordelt. Det gjaldt spørsmålet om det var for lite ressurser (uenighet 19/enighet 15 og om pasienter med liten sykdomsinnsikt trenger tvang (uenighet 18/enighet 16). Resterende fire spørsmål, gir omsorg og sikkerhet, forebygge farlige situasjoner var det ujevnt fordelt. Det andre spørreskjemaet (N 43) var det klart flertall på spørsmålene om de hadde nok kunnskaper om Lov om psykisk Helsevern (36 ja), om en hadde vært involvert i saker hvor kontrollkommisjonen hadde gitt pasienten medhold (29 nei), om en hadde fått nok opplæring i å håndtere konfliktsituasjoner (32 ja). Opplevd etiske dilemmaer (38 ja), om en har nok innflytelse til at ens meninger blir hørt på (32 ja) og om en har behov for debrifing i etterkant etter utagerende episode.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Konklusjon: Å få ned bruk av tvangsmidler og tvungen skjerming minimalt. Men det er ikke til å unngå at tvang er nødvendig i situasjoner som vil kunne få fatale konsekvenser hvis en ikke griper inn. Det er viktig at personal og behandlere har godt kjennskap til lov om psykisk helsevern har trening i kommunikasjon i konfliktsituasjoner, sjefer som er bevisst på og kan implementere tiltak med hensyn til problematikken, de fysiske omgivelsene er sikret og ikke skaper problemer i situasjoner hvor bruk av tvangsmiddel er nødvendig, rommene er estetisk fine, muligheter for aktiviteter også under skjermingsperioden, tilstrekkelig faglig kompetanse og nok ressurser til å håndtere problematikken.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Engelsk:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Background: In recent years there has been considerable focus on the use of coercion in psychiatric care in Norway, both in public and professional communities. The reduction of unnecessary use of force is important in both treatment-related and ethical perspective. This study highlight the use of coercive measures and shielding by two acute psychiatric units one at a hospital in eastern Norway.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Purpose: By illuminating use of force this can contribute to employees health workers and their leaders become more aware of the issues surrounding the use of coercio&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Method: This is a qualitative and quantitative study focusing on leaders and staffs views and challenges in the use of coercion by in two separate units at a psychiatric ward. The qualitative part consists of interviews with five bosses leaders and comments from staff in two questionnaires. Checkbox fields in these questionnaires are the quantitative part. One questionnaire reply response options strongly disagree, disagree, neutral, agree and strongly disagree. In the second questionnaire the response options were yes or no. In the analysis, the focus views and challenges are central.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Findings: The interviews and comments revealed that there could be challenges related to maintaining, obtaining a good relationship and trust to the patient when force is being used lack of personnel and professionals at times, difficult conditions in some places, importance of debriefing after episodes, importance of going through the episode with the patient afterwards and sometimes very unnecessary use of force. In one questionnaire (N 45) there were a surprising number of respondents neutral. This concerned questions about views on the use of force. Primarily in relation to the treatment relationship (14), admission of failure for psychiatric care (15), if the patient were violated (13), to much use of force (16), should be more use of force on regressive patients (19), On two questions there was disagreement and consensus evenly. It concerned the question of whether it was too little resources (disagreement 19 / consensus 17) and patients with little illness insight requires coercion (disagreement 18 / consensus 16). For the Remaining four questions, provide care and safety, preventing dangerous situations the response was unevenly distributed. The second questionnaire (N 43) there was a clear majority on the questions whether they had enough knowledge of the Law on mental Healthcare (36 yes), if one had been involved in cases where the Control Commission had given patient agreement (29 no), if one had had enough training in dealing with conflict situations (32 yes). Perceived ethical dilemmas (38 yes), if one had enough influence so that one&amp;#39;s opinions are heard on (32 yes) and whether there is a need for debriefing afterwards by externalizing Conclusion: Reducing coercive and compulsory screening as much as possible to a minimal. But it is inevitable that coercion is necessary in situations that could have fatal consequences if one does not intervene. It is important that personnel and clinicians have good knowledge of the MHA, has training in communication in conflict situations, leaders who are aware of and implement measures in regard to the issues, the physical environment is secured and do not course problems in situations where use of coercive is necessary, the rooms are aesthetically fine good, opportunities for activities also during shielding period, adequate expertise and enough resources to handle the problem.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mastergradsoppgave</style></work-type><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tvangsmidler</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valenti, Emanuele</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Banks, Ciara</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Calcedo-Barba, Alfredo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bensimon, Cécile</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hoffmann, Karin-Maria</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pelto-Piri, Veikko</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jurin, Tanja</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mendoza, Octavio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mundt, Adrian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rugkåsa, Jorun</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tubini, Jacopo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Priebe, Stefan</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Informal coercion in psychiatry: a focus group study of attitudes and experiences of mental health professionals in ten countries</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The International Journal for Research in Social and Genetic Epidemiology and Mental Health Services</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">50</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsinnleggelse, Tvangsmidler, Etikk</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adrian R. Pasereanu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anne Opsal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jon-Kåre Vederhus</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Øistein Kristensen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thomas Clausen</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quality of life improved following in-patient substance use disorder treatment</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Health and Quality of Life Outcomes</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coercion</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quality of Life</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Substance Abuse</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SUD</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">03/2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://urn.nb.no/URN:NBN:no-51401</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Background&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Quality of life (QoL) is increasingly recognized as central to the broad construct of recovery in patients with substance use disorders (SUD). However, few longitudinal studies have evaluated changes in QoL after SUD treatment and included patients with SUD that were compulsorily hospitalized. This study aimed to describe QoL among in-patients admitted either voluntarily or compulsorily to hospitalization and to examine patterns and predictors of QoL at admission and at 6 months post treatment.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Methods&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;This prospective study followed 202 hospitalized patients with SUD that were admitted voluntarily (N=137) or compulsorily (N=65). A generic QoL questionnaire (QoL-5) was used to assess QoL domains. Regression analysis was conducted to identify associations with QoL at baseline and to examine predictors of change in QoL at a 6-month follow-up.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Results&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The majority of patients had seriously impaired QoL. Low QoL at baseline was associated with a high psychiatric symptom burden. Fifty-eight percent of patients experienced a positive QoL change at follow-up. Although the improvement in QoL was significant, it was considered modest (a mean 0.06 improvement in QoL-5 scores at follow-up; 95% confidence interval: 0.03 - 0.09; p&amp;lt;0.001). Patients admitted voluntarily and compulsorily showed QoL improvements of similar magnitude. Female gender was associated with a large, clinically relevant improvement in QoL at follow-up.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Conclusions&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In-patient SUD treatment improved QoL at six month follow-up. These findings showed that QoL measurements were useful for providing evidence of therapeutic benefit in the SUD field.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>13</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Veland, Martin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jacob, Anders</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jobber for mindre tvang. Et pilotprosjekt på Lovisenberg sykehus tar sikte på å redusere bruken av tvangsmidler.</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://sykepleien.no/forskning/2014/06/jobber-mindre-tvang</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sykepleien</style></publisher><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsmidler</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valentina Cabral Iversen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Berg</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">R. Småvik</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arne Einar Vaaler</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clinical differences between immigrants voluntarily and involuntarily admitted to acute psychiatric units: a 3‐year prospective study</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health NursingJournal of psychiatric and mental health nursing</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">18</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsinnleggelse</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>34</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valan, Marit Balsvik</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dom på overføring til tvungent psykisk helsevern : Straffeloven § 39</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">dom</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">overføring</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Straffeloven</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">særreaksjon</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvungent psykisk helsevern</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">03/2013</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.duo.uio.no/bitstream/handle/10852/35011/1/144509.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">UiO, Det juridiske fakultet</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oslo</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Sammendrag finnes ikke&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Master thesis</style></work-type><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">etikk</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>13</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Terje Vestheim</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvunget psykisk helsevern uten døgnopphold - effekt av TID og trygghet</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Best PracticeBest Practice</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.swiflet.com/bpnopsyk/bp/8/1/</style></url></web-urls></urls><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></number><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TUD</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">S. Opjordsmoen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Svein Friis</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ingrid Melle</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ulrik Haahr</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jan Olav Johannessen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tor Ketil Larsen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jan Ivar Røssberg</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bjørn Rishovd Rund</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Erik Simonsen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Per Vaglum</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thomas H. McGlashan</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A 2‐year follow‐up of involuntary admission’s influence upon adherence and outcome in first‐episode psychosis</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acta Psychiatrica ScandinavicaActa Psychiatrica Scandinavica</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">121</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsinnleggelse</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">arne vaaler</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gunnar Morken</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John Chr Fløvig</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valentina C Iversen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Olav M Linaker</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effects of a psychiatric intensive care unit in an acute psychiatric department</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nordic Journal of Psychiatry</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">intensive care unit</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">picu</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seclusion</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Skjerming</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2006</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/08039480600583472</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">60</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Psychiatric acute units use different levels of segregation to satisfy needs for containment and decrease in sensory input for behaviourally disturbed patients. Controlled studies evaluating the effects of the procedure are lacking. The aim of the present study was to compare effects in acutely admitted patients with the use of a psychiatric intensive care unit (PICU) and not in a psychiatric acute department. In a naturalistic study, one group of consecutively referred patients had access only to the PICU, the other group to the whole acute unit. Data were obtained for 56 and 62 patients using several scales. There were significant differences in reduction of behaviour associated with imminent, threatening incidents (Broset Violence Checklist), and actual number of such incidents (Staff Observation Aggression Scale-Revised) in favour of the group that was treated in a PICU. The principles of patient segregation in PICUs have favourable effects on behaviours associated with and the actual numbers of violent and threatening incidents.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Doktorgradsavhandling</style></work-type><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tvangsmidler</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">arne vaaler</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gunnar Morken</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John Chr Fløvig</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valentina C Iversen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Olav M Linaker</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Substance abuse and recovery in a Psychiatric Intensive Care Unit</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gen Hospital Psychiatry</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">picu</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">rop</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">rus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seclusion</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Skjerming</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2006</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">02/2006</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0163834305001507?via%3Dihub</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">28</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">65-70</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objectives:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;The purpose of this study is to compare the development in symptoms, behaviors, function and treatment between patients with or without a substance use (SU) diagnose in a Psychiatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;A total of 118 admitted patients were assessed at admittance, day 3 and discharge from the PICU. Symptoms of psychopathology, therapeutic steps taken, violent episodes and length of patient stay were recorded.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;More males than females received an SU diagnosis. Substance use patients had less psychiatric symptoms at admittance and showed a faster symptom reduction, more favorable and faster improvement of function and a shorter length of stay. Except for symptom reduction and shorter length of stay, these differences were largely due to differences in sex and diagnoses in the two groups.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;In a naturalistic group of patients in a PICU, SU is associated with favorable outcomes compared to patients not using substances.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Doktorgradsavhandling</style></work-type><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tvangsmidler</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">arne vaaler</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gunnar Morken</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Olav M Linaker</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effects of different interior decorations in the seclusion area of a psychiatric acute ward</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nordic Journal of Psychiatry</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">interior</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">interiør</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">picu</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seclusion</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Skjerming</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">skjermingsenhet</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2005</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/08039480510018887</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">59</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">19-24</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;The objective of the study was to compare development in symptoms, behaviours, treatment and patient satisfaction of a traditional interior and an interior furnished like an ordinary home in a seclusion area. A naturalistic sample of 56 consecutive patients admitted to an acute ward was allocated to two different seclusion areas, one with a traditional interior and one decorated as an ordinary home. Symptoms of psychopathology, therapeutic steps taken, violent episodes, length of patient stay and patient satisfaction were recorded. There were no differences in changes in scores on The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale for schizophrenia, The Brøset Violence Checklist or the Global Assessment of Function split version scale between the two patient groups. Therapeutic steps taken, number of violent episodes and length of patient stay was also similar. Female patients preferred an ordinary home interior. It was concluded that interior and furnishing like an ordinary home in the seclusion areas created an environment with comparable treatment outcomes to the traditional dismal interior, and had positive effects on many patients&amp;#39; well-being, at least among the women. The traditional beliefs that a sparsely decorated interior is a method to reduce symptoms of psychopathology and dangerous behaviours were not supported by our data.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Doktorgradsavhandling</style></work-type><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tvangsmidler</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>34</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Audun F. Vågan</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsinnleggelser ved en psykiatrisk avdeling, Universitetssykehuset i Nord-Norge</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Akutt</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">akuttpsykiatri</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsinnleggelse</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Unn</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2002</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://munin.uit.no/bitstream/handle/10037/695/student.pdf?sequence=1&amp;isAllowed=y</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">UiT, Det helsevitenskapelige fakultet</style></publisher><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mastergradsoppgave</style></work-type><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsinnleggelse</style></label></record></records></xml>