<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cath Roper</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nina Joffee-Kohn</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vrinda Edan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Natasha Swingler</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Piers Gooding</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bridget Hamilton</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abolition: Is this the only pathway to upholding human rights and ensuring epistemic justice in psychiatry? A key informant qualitative study</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%"> International Journal of Law and Psychiatry</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2026</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160252725000937</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">104</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Lovgivningen om psykisk helse tillater tvangsbehandling i visse tilfeller. Selv om menneskerettighetsspørsmål blir stadig viktigere, fortsetter debatten blant jurister, klinikere og aktivister om folks rett til lik behandling for loven, slik det er beskrevet i FNs konvensjon om rettigheter for personer med nedsatt funksjonsevne (2006).&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Denne kvalitative, beskrivende studien hadde som mål å få en bedre forståelse av ulike synspunkter blant personer som er kjent for å kritisere tvang i psykisk helsevern, når det gjelder den praktiske gjennomføringen av menneskerettighetene i sammenheng med lovgivningen om psykisk helse.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Det ble gjennomført individuelle, semistrukturerte intervjuer med 15 sentrale informanter fra fem forskjellige land, og dataene ble analysert ved hjelp av en induktiv, tematisk tilnærming.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Generelt karakteriserte informantene lovgivningen om psykisk helse som diskriminerende, skadelig og uberettiget. Tre temaer og seks undertemaer ble identifisert. Denne studien rapporterer om de viktigste temaene, som inkluderer: en etisk posisjon (med fokus på de nåværende skadene forbundet med lovgivningen om psykisk helse), strategier (et uttrykk for muligheten til å bringe om endring) og en visjonær posisjon. Vi utforsker disse tre trekkene i nøkkelinformantenes synspunkter som viktige posisjoner innenfor avskaffelsesfeltet, og analyserer hver av dem for de &amp;laquo;hermeneutiske ressursene&amp;raquo; &amp;ndash; former for kollektive tolkningsressurser &amp;ndash; de gir.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Avskaffelse av lovene om psykisk helse anses ofte som urealistisk i psykiatrisk sammenheng. Avskaffelsesteorier og -praksis er imidlertid hermeneutiske ressurser som må forstås bedre, fordi de tilbyr sosial rettferdighet og samfunnsstyrte løsninger som går utover lovene og systemene for psykisk helse.&lt;br /&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lemcke,S</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Isbak Jensen,M</style></author></secondary-authors><tertiary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Helles Carlsen, A</style></author></tertiary-authors><subsidiary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Virring Sørensen,A</style></author></subsidiary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Investigating the impact of coercion prevention initiatives in an adolescent psychiatric ward</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nordic Journal of Psychiatry</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">79</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;meta charset=&quot;UTF-8&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;I psykiatriske avdelinger for ungdom har det blitt iverksatt ulike tiltak for å redusere forekomsten av restriktive tiltak. Disse tiltakene er mindre studert enn i voksenpsykiatrien, og effekten er ofte uklar. For å undersøke betydningen av tiltakene som er iverksatt i en avdeling for ungdom, ble det gjennomført en eksplorativ retrospektiv studie. Materiale og metoder: Informasjon om tiltak for å redusere bruken av restriktive tiltak ble samlet inn fra dokumenter på avdelingen fra 2015 til 2022. I denne perioden ble forekomsten av restriktive tiltak registrert i regionens elektroniske register. Informasjon om tiltak og forekomst av restriktive tiltak ble sammenlignet ved hjelp av beskrivende statistikk og forekomstfrekvenser. Resultater: I studieperioden ble det iverksatt tjue forskjellige tiltak på avdelingen. Ingen av tiltakene førte til en vedvarende reduksjon i antall tvangstiltak. Noen av dem syntes imidlertid å redusere forekomsten av restriktive tiltak midlertidig, for eksempel de-eskaleringskurs og Safewards. I løpet av den første vinteren av COVID-19-pandemien (2020/2021) ble det observert en høy forekomst av restriktive tiltak, samtidig som mange avdelingsaktiviteter ble avlyst. Konklusjon: Selv om ingen av de gjennomførte tiltakene førte til en varig reduksjon i restriktive tiltak, tyder de midlertidige reduksjonene som ble observert etter noen av tiltakene på at økt bevissthet kan ha hatt en effekt. Dette understreker nødvendigheten av vedvarende fokus på et tiltak for at effekten skal opprettholdes.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></issue><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">515</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>36</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brodie Paterson</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">James Taylor</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michael Bell</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ian McIntosh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Christopher Stirling</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reframing human rights-based approaches to the misuse of restraint. A binary approach is needed</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMAN RIGHTS IN HEALTHCARE</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dignity</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">06/2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Viewpoint</style></work-type></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>19</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Geir Smeslund</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vigdis Underland</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rigmor Berg</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Forskning om betydningen av universell utforming i fysisk miljø for personer med psykisk eller kognitiv funksjonsnedsettelse: systematisk litteratursøk med sortering</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Folkehelseinstituttet</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://munin.uit.no/bitstream/handle/10037/29116/article.pdf?sequence=2&amp;isAllowed=y</style></url></web-urls></urls><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">978-82-8406-361-4</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;div&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#333333&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Roboto, Helvetica Neue, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:14px&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color:#f5f5f5&quot;&gt;Personer med psykisk funksjonsnedsettelse har rett til å få det fysiske miljøet utformet på en slik måte at det legger til rette for deres likeverdige bruk.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#333333&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Roboto, Helvetica Neue, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:14px&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color:#f5f5f5&quot;&gt;Vi utførte en systematisk kunnskapsoppsummering av typen &amp;lsquo;systematisk litteratursøk med sortering&amp;rsquo;, for å identifisere litteraturoversikter om betydningen av universell utforming i det fysiske miljøet for personer med psykisk eller kognitiv funksjonsnedsettelse. Vi søkte i januar 2023 i ulike samfunnsvitenskapelige databaser etter litteraturoversikter, publisert 2012-2023. Forskere gikk gjennom identifiserte referanser og vurderte relevans i henhold til inklusjonskriteriene. De beskrev i korte trekk hver litteraturoversikt som møtte inklusjonskriteriene.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#333333&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Roboto, Helvetica Neue, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:14px&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color:#f5f5f5&quot;&gt;12 litteraturoversikter møtte inklusjonskriteriene:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#333333&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Roboto, Helvetica Neue, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:14px&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color:#f5f5f5&quot;&gt;Alle inkluderte studier med både menn og kvinner &amp;bull; Fire oversikter fokuserte på barn og/eller unge og tre fokuserte på voksne (fem spesifiserte el. avgrenset ikke)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#333333&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Roboto, Helvetica Neue, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:14px&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color:#f5f5f5&quot;&gt;Oversiktene tok for seg ulike typer psykiske funksjonsnedsettelser, og hyppigst studert var autismespekterforstyrrelser&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#333333&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Roboto, Helvetica Neue, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:14px&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color:#f5f5f5&quot;&gt;Oversiktene tok for seg ulike typer bygg, særlig skolebygninger (n=7) og arbeidsplasser (n=5)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#333333&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Roboto, Helvetica Neue, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:14px&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color:#f5f5f5&quot;&gt;Oversiktene fokuserte hyppigst på lys og lyd/støy&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#333333&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Roboto, Helvetica Neue, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:14px&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color:#f5f5f5&quot;&gt;Ni oversikter undersøkte funksjonsnivå (inkludert helse) og fire undersøkte likeverdig tilgjengelighet&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#333333&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Roboto, Helvetica Neue, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:14px&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color:#f5f5f5&quot;&gt;Ingen av oversiktene fokuserte på behov og/eller ønsker mht. universell utforming&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#333333&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Roboto, Helvetica Neue, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:14px&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color:#f5f5f5&quot;&gt;Denne kunnskapsoppsummeringen viser at det fins flere litteraturoversikter om universell utforming for personer med psykisk eller kognitiv funksjonsnedsettelse. Ingen fokuserer på personers behov og/eller ønsker, personer med fobier eller psykisk utviklingshemninger og kun et fåtall type bygg er studert i disse litteraturoversiktene.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Forskningsrapport</style></work-type><orig-pub><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research on the significance of universal design in the physical environment for persons with mental or cognitive disability: a systematic literature search with categorization</style></orig-pub></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>27</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Esben Søndergaard Bruun Olesen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trond Bliksvær</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lea Louise Videt</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marius Storvik</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lena Augusta Ulfseth</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Willy Lichtwarck</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%"> GRENSESETTING OG BRUK AV TVANG OVERFOR BARN I FOSTERHJEM</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GRENSESETTING OG BRUK AV TVANG OVERFOR BARN I FOSTERHJEM</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">barn</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">fosterhjem</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">grensesetting</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tvang</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">08/2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://munin.uit.no/bitstream/handle/10037/30431/article.pdf?sequence=2&amp;isAllowed=y</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nordlandsforskning AS</style></publisher><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">978-82-7321-872-8</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Denne forskningsrapporten undersøker grensesetting og bruk av tvang overfor barn som bor i fosterhjem. Studien er utført på oppdrag fra Barne-, ungdoms- - og familiedirektoratet (Bufdir). Med utgangspunkt i oppdraget fra Bufdir undersøkes følgende problemstillinger i rapporten: i) Det analyseres hvordan relevante aktører oppfatter og opplever grensesetting og bruken av tvang i fosterhjem, og hvordan de forstår grensen mellom forsvarlig grensesetting og uønsket grensesetting eller tvang. Dette gjelder unge som bor i fosterhjem, fosterforeldre, ansatte i barneverntjenester, tilsynspersoner og ansatte hos statsforvalteren. ii) Det gjennomføres en kartlegging av omfanget og innholdet av grensesetting og tvangsbruk i norske fosterhjem, herunder en kartlegging av hvordan fosterforeldre håndterer tvangssituasjoner og hvilke strategier som benyttes for å forebygge uønsket grensesetting og tvang. iii) Tilsynssystemets funksjon i relasjon til grensesetting og tvang i fosterhjem undersøkes. iv) Det gjennomføres en kartlegging av hvilke forebyggende tiltak og støtteforanstaltninger fosterhjem mottar for å begrense bruken av tvang og uønsket grensesetting. v) Med utgangspunkt i gjeldende lover og forskrifter, samt funnene i rapporten, undersøkes det om den rettslige reguleringen av tvangsbruk i fosterhjem er tilstrekkelig. Basert på funnene i rapporten presenteres en rekke anbefalinger om bruk av grensesetting og tvang overfor barn som bor i fosterhjem. Rapporten bygger på et forskningsdesign som benytter både kvalitativ og kvantitativ metode. Det kvantitative materialet omfatter to nasjonale spørreundersøkelser til henholdsvis fosterforeldre og ledere av landets barnevernstjenester. Det kvalitative materialet omfatter intervjuer med følgende aktører: 1) barn og unge som bor, eller har bodd, i fosterhjem. 2) fosterforeldre, 3) ansatte i barnevernet, 4) tilsynspersoner og 5) ansatte hos statsforvalterne. Analytisk tas det utgangspunkt i den metodologiske og teoretiske retningen institusjonell etnografi, hvor sosiale fenomener undersøkes med et nedenfra-opp perspektiv. Dermed vektlegges perspektivet til aktørene og deres erfaringer og fortellinger forstås ut fra den institusjonelle konteksten de befinner seg i.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rapport</style></work-type></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hirsch, Sophie</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Baumgardt, Johanna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bechdolf, Andreas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Buhling-Schindowski, Felix</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cole, Celline</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flammer, Erich</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mahler, Lieselotte</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muche, Rainer</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sauter, Dorothea</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vandamme, Angelika</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Steinert, Tilman</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Implementation of guidelines on prevention of coercion and violence: baseline data of the randomized controlled PreVCo study</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Frontiers in Psychiatry</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coercion</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">evidence based care</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">guidelines</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">implementation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mental heath</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Psychiatry</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Restraint</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seclusion</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;The PreVCo study examines whether a structured, operationalized implementation of guidelines to prevent coercion actually leads to fewer coercive measures on psychiatric wards. It is known from the literature that rates of coercive measures differ greatly between hospitals within a country. Studies on that topic also showed large Hawthorne effects. Therefore, it is important to collect valid baseline data for the comparison of similar wards and controlling for observer effects.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hirsch, Sophie</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Baumgardt, Johanna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bechdolf, Andreas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Buhling-Schindowski, Felix</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cole, Celline</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flammer, Erich</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mahler, Lieselotte</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muche, Rainer</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sauter, Dorothea</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vandamme, Angelika</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Steinert, Tilman</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Implementation of guidelines on prevention of coercion and violence: baseline data of the randomized controlled PreVCo study</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Frontiers in Psychiatry</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coercion</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">evidence based care</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">guidelines</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">implementation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mental heath</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Psychiatry</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Restraint</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seclusion</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;The PreVCo study examines whether a structured, operationalized implementation of guidelines to prevent coercion actually leads to fewer coercive measures on psychiatric wards. It is known from the literature that rates of coercive measures differ greatly between hospitals within a country. Studies on that topic also showed large Hawthorne effects. Therefore, it is important to collect valid baseline data for the comparison of similar wards and controlling for observer effects.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stylianidis, Stelios</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Geogarca, Eugenie</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peppou, Evangelia Lily</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arvaniti, Aikaterini</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Samakouri, Maria</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MANE group</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Involuntary psychiatric hospitalizations in Greece: Contemporary research and policy implications</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Psychiatriki Quarterly Journal of the Hellenic Psychiatric Association </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">human rights.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Involuntary psychiatric hospitalization</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">law implementation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mental health care practices</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.psychiatriki-journal.gr/documents/psychiatry/34.3-EN-2023-204.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">34</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Involuntary psychiatric hospitalization is a contested issue in mental health care provision. Despite indications of very high rates of involuntary hospitalizations in Greece, no valid national statistical data has been collected. After reviewing current research on involuntary hospitalizations in Greece, the paper introduces the Study of Involuntary Hospitalizations in Greece (MANE), a multi-center national study of the rates, process, determinants and outcome of involuntary hospitalizations, conducted in the regions of Attica, Thessaloniki, and Alexandroupolis, from 2017 to 2020, and presents some preliminary comparative findings regarding the rates and process of involuntary hospitalizations. There is a major difference in the rates of involuntary hospitalizations between Alexandroupolis (around 25%) and Athens and Thessaloniki (over 50%), which is possibly related to the sectorized organization of mental health services in Alexandroupolis and to the benefits of not covering a metropolitan urban area. There is a significantly larger percentage of involuntary admissions that end in involuntary hospitalization in Attica and Thessaloniki compared to Alexandroupolis. Reversely, of those accessing the emergency departments voluntarily, almost everyone is admitted in Athens, while large percentages are not admitted in Thessaloniki and in Alexandroupolis. A significantly higher percentage of patients were formally referred upon discharge in Alexandroupolis compared to Athens and Thessaloniki. This may be due to increased continuity of care in Alexandroupolis and that might explain the low rates of involuntary hospitalization there. Finally, re-hospitalization rates were very high in all the study centers, demonstrating the revolving-door phenomenon, especially for voluntary hospitalizations. The MANE project came to address the gap in the national recording of involuntary hospitalizations, by implementing, for the first time, a coordinated monitoring of involuntary hospitalizations in three regions of the country with different characteristics, so that a picture of involuntary hospitalizations can be drawn at national level. The project contributes to raising awareness of this issue at the level of national health policy and to formulating strat&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>34</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johanne Skumsnes</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Samtykke som grunnlag for behandling i psykisk helsevern. I lys av samfunnsdebatten etter lovendringen i 2017</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Samtykke som grunnlag for behandling i psykisk helsevern. I lys av samfunnsdebatten etter lovendringen i 2017</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">05/2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://munin.uit.no/handle/10037/32095</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Den rettslige problemstillingen har blitt aktualisert av både faglig debatt og samfunnsdebatt etter lovendringen i 2017. Det har blant annet dukket opp kritikk fra medisinsk hold om at loven ikke fungerer etter hensikten, og det er vist til konkrete saker der personer har blitt vurdert til å være samtykkekompetent med alvorlige konsekvenser. Oppgaven forsøker å belyse hvorvidt lovendringen har medført at færre pasienter med psykiske lidelser får den behandlingen de trenger.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Master Thesis</style></work-type></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>34</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johanne Skumsnes</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Samtykke som grunnlag for behandling i psykisk helsevern. I lys av samfunnsdebatten etter lovendringen i 2017</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Samtykke som grunnlag for behandling i psykisk helsevern. I lys av samfunnsdebatten etter lovendringen i 2017</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">05/2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://munin.uit.no/handle/10037/32095</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Den rettslige problemstillingen har blitt aktualisert av både faglig debatt og samfunnsdebatt etter lovendringen i 2017. Det har blant annet dukket opp kritikk fra medisinsk hold om at loven ikke fungerer etter hensikten, og det er vist til konkrete saker der personer har blitt vurdert til å være samtykkekompetent med alvorlige konsekvenser. Oppgaven forsøker å belyse hvorvidt lovendringen har medført at færre pasienter med psykiske lidelser får den behandlingen de trenger.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Master Thesis</style></work-type></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Husum, T. L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Siqveland, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ruud, T., &amp; Lickiewicz</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Systematic literature review of the use of Staff Attitudes to Coercion Scale (SACS)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Frontiers in Psychiatry</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Systematic literature review of the use of Staff Attitudes to Coercion Scale (SACS)</style></short-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">assessment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">attitudes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coercion</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mental Health</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">staff</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;Staff&amp;#39;s attitudes to the use of coercion may influence the number of coercive interventions employed and staff willingness to engage in professional development projects aimed at reducing the use of coercion itself. The Staff Attitude to Coercion Scale (SACS) was developed to assess the attitudes of mental healthcare staff to the use of coercion in 2008 and has been employed subsequently. This global study systematically reviews and summarizes the use of the scale in research.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;Seven databases were searched for studies using SACS in articles published in peer reviewed journals and gray literature. In addition, researchers who have asked for permission to use the scale since its development in 2008 were contacted and asked for their possible results. Extracting of data from the papers were performed in pairs of the authors.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;Of the 82 identified publications, 26 papers with 5,838 respondents were selected for review. A review of the research questions used in the studies showed that the SACS questionnaire was mostly used in studies of interventions aimed at reducing coercion and further explain variation in the use of coercion.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;SACS is, to our best of knowledge, the only questionnaire measuring staff&amp;#39;s attitudes to the use of coercive interventions in mental health services. Its widespread use indicates that the questionnaire is perceived as feasible and useful as well as demonstrating the need for such a tool. However, further research is needed as the relationship between staff attitudes to coercion and the actual use of coercion remains unclear and needs to be further investigated. Staff attitudes to coercion may be a prerequisite for leaders and staff in mental healthcare to engage in service development and quality improvement projects.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>12</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Henriette Riley</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marius Storvik</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thomas Hansen</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangshjemler kan føre til mer tvang</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangshjemler kan føre til mer tvang</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.dagensmedisin.no/tvangshjemler-kan-fore-til-mer-tvang/538388</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">dagensmedisin.no</style></publisher><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;En praksis med bruk av tepper, bandasjer, borrelåsstropper eller lignende for å sikre pasienter som motsetter seg under transport, kan være svært inngripende &amp;ndash; og gir grunn til bekymring.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tidsskriftsartikkel</style></work-type></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Steinert, Tilman</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Using coercion in mental disorders or risking the patient’s death? An analysis of the protocols of a clinical ethics committee and a derived decision algorithm</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Medical Ethics</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coercion</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Death</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Disabled Persons</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ethics- Medical</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">human rights</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://jme.bmj.com/content/early/2023/11/23/jme-2023-109578</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;While principle-based ethics is well known and widely accepted in psychiatry, much less is known about how decisions are made in clinical practice, which case scenarios exist, and which challenges exist for decision-making. Protocols of the central ethics committee responsible for four psychiatric hospitals over 7&amp;thinsp;years (N=17) were analysed. While four cases concerned suicide risk in the case of intended hospital discharge, the vast majority (N=13) concerned questions of whether the responsible physician should or should not initiate the use of coercion in patients lacking mental capacity. The committee&amp;rsquo;s recommendations were non-uniform. Forced feeding and electroconvulsive therapy were endorsed in each one case. In two cases of intermittent loss of capacity due to heavy drinking or intermittent severe suicidal ideation, a self-binding contract was recommended and the use of coercion was considered as justified for a very limited period. In all other cases, most of which involved involuntary treatment, the use of coercion was not endorsed. Without exception, the recommendations were accepted with relief by the physicians and their treatment teams, who feared liability in the event of harm to the patient. Eventually, a model of a decision algorithm was derived from the ethical arguments in the protocols.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Espen W Haugom</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bjørn Stensrud</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gro Beston</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Torleif Ruud</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anne S. Landheim</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Experiences of shared decision making among patients with psychotic disorders in Norway: a qualitative study</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BMC Psychiatry</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">psykose</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">samvalg</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shared decision making; mental health services; psychotic disorders; qualitative research</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">03/2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8932170/</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;Shared decision making (SDM) is a process where the patient and the health professional collaborate to make decisions based on both the patient&amp;#39;s preferences and the best available evidence. Patients with psychotic disorders are less involved in making decisions than they would like. More knowledge of these patients&amp;#39; experiences of SDM may improve implementation. The study aim was to describe and explore experiences of SDM among patients with psychotic disorders in mental health care.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;Individual interviews were conducted with ten persons with a psychotic disorder. They were service users of two community mental health centres. The transcribed material was analysed using qualitative content analysis.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;Four-fifths of the participants in this study found that they received insufficient information about their health situation and treatment options. All participants experienced that only one kind of treatment was often presented, which was usually medication. Although the study found that different degrees of involvement were practised, two thirds of the participants had little impact on choices to be made. This was despite the fact that they wanted to participate and felt capable of participating, even during periods of more severe illness. The participants described how important it was that SDM in psychosis was based on a trusting relationship, but stated that it took time to establish such a relationship.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;This study with ten participants indicates that patients with psychotic disorders experienced that they were not allowed to participate as much as they wanted to and believed they were capable of. Some patients were involved, but to a lesser degree than in SDM. More and better tailored information communicated within a trusting relationship is needed to provide psychotic patients with a better basis for active involvement in decisions about their health care.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Keywords:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;Shared decision making; mental health services; psychotic disorders; qualitative research.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">22</style></issue><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">erfaringsbaserte</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>27</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">David Stewart</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kim Ryan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Madeline A. Naegle</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sarah Flogen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Frances Hughes</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">James Buchan</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Global Mental Health nursing workforce: Time to prioritize and invest in mental health and wellbeing</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Forebygging</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mental Health</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mental helse</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">nursing</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">psykiatrisk sykepleie</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sykepleie</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.icn.ch/sites/default/files/inline-files/ICN_Mental_Health_Workforce_report_EN_web.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">the International Council of Nurses</style></publisher><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">978-92-95124-04-2 </style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Rapporten&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.icn.ch/sites/default/files/inline-files/ICN_Mental_Health_Workforce_report_EN_web.pdf&quot;&gt;Mental Health Workforce report&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;ble nylig lagt frem av ICN. I følge rapporten står verden foran store utfordringer, spesielt når det kommer til mangel på sykepleierkompetanse innen psykisk helse og rus.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Annet</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Georg Høyer</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Olav Nyttingnes</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jorun Rugkåsa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ekaterina Sharashova</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tone Breines Simonsen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anne Høye</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Henriette Riley</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Impact of introducing capacity-based mental health legislation on the use of community treatment orders in Norway: case registry study</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BJPsych Open</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">community treatment orders</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CTO</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effekt</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">impact</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">legislation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">lov</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">lovendring</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TUD</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tvungent vern uten døgnopphold</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">01/2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/bjpsych-open/article/impact-of-introducing-capacitybased-mental-health-legislation-on-the-use-of-community-treatment-orders-in-norway-case-registry-study/8C1302C4705F3887004051947463A7F6</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Background&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In 2017, a capacity-based criterion was added to the Norwegian Mental Health Act, stating that those with capacity to consent to treatment cannot be subjected to involuntary care unless there is risk to themselves or others. This was expected to reduce incidence and prevalence rates, and the duration of episodes of involuntary care, in particular regarding community treatment orders (CTOs).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Aims&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The aim was to investigate whether the capacity-based criterion had the expected impact on the use of CTOs.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Method&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;This retrospective case register study included two catchment areas serving 16% of the Norwegian population (aged &amp;ge;18). In total, 760 patients subject to 921 CTOs between 1 January 2015 and 31 December 2019 were included to compare the use of CTOs 2 years before and 2 years after the legal reform.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Results&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;CTO incidence rates and duration did not change after the reform, whereas prevalence rates were significantly reduced. This was explained by a sharp increase in termination of CTOs in the year of the reform, after which it reduced and settled on a slightly higher leven than before the reform. We found an unexpected significant increase in the use of involuntary treatment orders for patients on CTOs after the reform.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Conclusions&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The expected impact on CTO use of introducing a capacity-based criterion in the Norwegian Mental Health Act was not confirmed by our study. Given the existing challenges related to defining and assessing decision-making capacity, studies examining the validity of capacity assessments and their impact on the use of coercion in clinical practice are urgently needed.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tud</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Irene Wormdahl</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trond Hatling</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tonje Lossius Husum</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sloveig Kjus</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jorun Rugkåsa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dorte Brodersen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Signe Dahl Christensen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Petter Sundt Nyborg</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Torstein Borch Skolseng</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eva Irene Ødegård</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anna Margrethe Andersen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Espen Gundersen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rise, Marit B.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The ReCoN intervention: a co-created comprehensive intervention for primary mental health care aiming to prevent involuntary admissions</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BMC Health Services Research (Open Access)</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coercion</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Involuntary admission</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Primary mental health care</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">primærhelsetjenesten</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reducing</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">reduction</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">reduksjon</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tvang</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsinnleggelse</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">07/2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://bmchealthservres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12913-022-08302-w</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">22</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;h3 data-test=&quot;abstract-sub-heading&quot;&gt;Background&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;Reducing involuntary psychiatric admissions is a global concern. In Norway, the rate of involuntary admissions was 199 per 100,000 people 16&amp;thinsp;years and older in 2020. Individuals&amp;rsquo; paths towards involuntary psychiatric admissions usually unfold when they live in the community and referrals to such admissions are often initiated by primary health care professionals. Interventions at the primary health care level can therefore have the potential to prevent such admissions. Interventions developed specifically for this care level are, however, lacking. To enhance the quality and development of services in a way that meets stakeholders&amp;rsquo; needs and facilitates implementation to practice, involving both persons with lived experience and service providers in developing such interventions is requested.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3 data-test=&quot;abstract-sub-heading&quot;&gt;Aim&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;To develop a comprehensive intervention for primary mental health care aiming to prevent involuntary admissions of adults.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3 data-test=&quot;abstract-sub-heading&quot;&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;This study had an action research approach with a participatory research design. Dialogue conferences with multiple stakeholders in five Norwegian municipalities, inductive thematic analysis of data material from the conferences, and a series of feedback meetings were conducted.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3 data-test=&quot;abstract-sub-heading&quot;&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;The co-creation process resulted in the development of the ReCoN (Reducing Coercion in Norway) intervention. This is a comprehensive intervention that includes six strategy areas: [1] Management, [2] Involving Persons with Lived Experience and Family Carers, [3] Competence Development, [4] Collaboration across Primary and Specialist Care Levels, [5] Collaboration within the Primary Care Level, and [6] Tailoring Individual Services. Each strategy area has two to four action areas with specified measures that constitute the practical actions or tasks that are believed to collectively impact the need for involuntary admissions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3 data-test=&quot;abstract-sub-heading&quot;&gt;Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;The ReCoN intervention has the potential for application to both national and international mental health services. The co-creation process with the full range of stakeholders ensures face validity, acceptability, and relevance. The effectiveness of the ReCoN intervention is currently being tested in a cluster randomised controlled trial. Given positive effects, the ReCoN intervention may impact individuals with a severe mental illness at risk of involuntary admissions, as more people may experience empowerment and autonomy instead of coercion in their recovery process.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsinnleggelse</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arne Lillelien</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jørgen Strand</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Inger Hilde Vik</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trude Wallin Haugen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jan Hammer</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Basal eksponeringsterapi hjelper pasienter med alvorlige psykiske lidelser</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sykepleien</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Basal Eksponerings Terapi</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BET</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">reduksjon av tvang</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11/2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://sykepleien.no/fag/2021/08/basal-eksponeringsterapi-hjelper-pasienter-med-alvorlige-psykiske-lidelser</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">109</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hovedbudskap&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ønsket om en verdiforankret praksis er tett knyttet til nasjonale og internasjonale føringer. Seksjon for basal eksponeringsterapi (BET-seksjonen) ved Blakstad sykehus i Vestre Viken HF har verdiforankret både driften og behandlingen. Det har ført til lovende behandlingsresultater og bedre ressursutnyttelse i et helseøkonomisk perspektiv. Både FN og Verdens helseorganisasjon berømmer seksjonen for tilbudet de gir til mennesker med alvorlige og sammensatte helseutfordringer.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">annet</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>27</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arnhild Lauveng</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anders Skuterud</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bruk av tvang innen psykisk helsevern  – erfaringer fra pasienter, pårørende og ansatte</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">erfaringer</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Erfaringskunnskap</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">reduksjon av tvang</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">08/2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://erfaringskompetanse.no/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Tvangsrapporten_2021.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nasjonalt senter for erfaringskompetanse innen psykisk helse</style></publisher><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">978-82-93171-48-5</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Nasjonalt senter for erfaringskompetanse innen psykisk helse har gjennomført en undersøkelse om pasienters, pårørendes og ansattes erfaringer med tvang innen psykisk helsevern.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Undersøkelsen bestod hovedsakelig av flervalgsspørsmål, med ett åpent spørsmål til slutt. Vi fikk svar fra totalt 512 personer, fordelt på seks ulike informantgrupper, med ulik erfaringsbakgrunn.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Det var en del tydelige forskjeller mellom gruppene, med det var også forhold gruppene vurderte nokså likt, i tillegg til at det var tydelige forskjeller innad i hver enkelt gruppe.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;raquo; Pasientinformantene som selv hadde opplevd tvang var tydelige på at tvang opplevdes skadelig. Mange fortalte om store og vedvarende belastninger, og et flertall mente mye tvang burde kunne forebygges.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;raquo; Samtidig var det også pasienter som beskrev tvang som nødvendig og hensiktsmessig.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;raquo; Flertallet av pårørendeinformantene beskrev tvang som nødvendig i dagens situasjon. Et mindretall ønsket mindre bruk av tvang. &amp;raquo; Samtidig ønsket mange pårørende mer helhetlig behandling, mer forebygging og mer frivillig behandling for å redusere bruken av tvang.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;raquo; Mange ansatte uttrykte stor bekymring for situasjonen innen psykisk helsevern hvis det skulle bli vanskeligere enn i dag å benytte tvang. &amp;raquo; Det var imidlertid også flere ansatte som mente at tvang kunne forebygges, og at bruk av tvang i stor grad avhang av rammene for behandlingen, inkludert tid, ressurser, kompetanse og fysiske forhold.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;raquo; Det varierte mellom gruppene hvilke former for tvang de anså som mest skadelige, og hvor skadelig de vurderte tvang til å være, sett i forhold til opplevd nytte.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;raquo; Det varierte også mellom gruppene hvor skadelig de opplevde mangelen på bruk av tvang.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;raquo; Informanter i alle grupper var imidlertid enige om at tvang er skadelig, og i en del tilfeller gir alvorlige skader.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Oppsummert gir undersøkelsen et inntrykk av en tjeneste som har gjort seg avhengig av bruk av tvang for å fungere innen dagens rammevilkår. Samtidig har denne tvangen til dels svært alvorlige konsekvenser for mange pasienter, og kan noen ganger også være i strid med grunnleggende menneskrettigheter. Det er sannsynlig at bruken av tvang kan reduseres betraktelig. Det er også sannsynlig at bruken av den mest skadelige tvangen kan reduseres eller fjernes, selv i de tilfellene det er nødvendig å bruke noe tvang.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Dette krever imidlertid at tjenestene, både kommunene og spesialisthelsetjenesten, får tilstrekkelige rammebetingelser til å arbeide på andre måter, og å utvikle en tjeneste som ikke er avhengig av tvang for å fungere, på den måten dagens tjenester er.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rapport</style></work-type><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">erfaringsbaserte</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Unn Elisabeth Hammervold</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reidun Norvoll</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hildegunn Sagvaag</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Post-incident reviews after restraints—Potential and pitfalls. Patients’ experiences and considerations</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ettersamtaler</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Post-incident review</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">06/2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://onlinelibrary-wiley-com.mime.uit.no/doi/full/10.1111/jpm.12776</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;h3 id=&quot;jpm12776-sec-0004-title&quot;&gt;4.1 Introduction&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;section id=&quot;jpm12776-sec-0005&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;Post-incident reviews (PIRs), including patients, nurses and other care providers, following incidents of restraints are recommended in mental health services. Few studies have examined patients&amp;rsquo; experiences and considerations concerning PIRs.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/section&gt;&lt;section id=&quot;jpm12776-sec-0006&quot;&gt;&lt;h3 id=&quot;jpm12776-sec-0006-title&quot;&gt;4.2 Aim&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;The study aims to explore patients&amp;rsquo; perspectives on PIRs in relation to how they experience participation in PIRs and further view PIRs&amp;rsquo; potential for care improvement and restraint prevention.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/section&gt;&lt;section id=&quot;jpm12776-sec-0007&quot;&gt;&lt;h3 id=&quot;jpm12776-sec-0007-title&quot;&gt;4.3 Method&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;We conducted a qualitative study based on individual interviews. Eight current and previous inpatients from two Norwegian mental health services were interviewed.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/section&gt;&lt;section id=&quot;jpm12776-sec-0008&quot;&gt;&lt;h3 id=&quot;jpm12776-sec-0008-title&quot;&gt;4.4 Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;The patients experienced PIRs as variations on a continuum from being strengthened, developing new coping strategies and processing the restraint event to at the other end of the continuum; PIRs as meaningless, feeling objectified and longing for living communication and closeness.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/section&gt;&lt;section id=&quot;jpm12776-sec-0009&quot;&gt;&lt;h3 id=&quot;jpm12776-sec-0009-title&quot;&gt;4.5 Discussion&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;PIRs&amp;rsquo; beneficial potential is extended in the study. The findings highlight however that personal and institutional conditions influence whether patients experience PIRs as an arena for recovery promotion or PIRs as continuation of coercive contexts.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/section&gt;&lt;section id=&quot;jpm12776-sec-0010&quot;&gt;&lt;h3 id=&quot;jpm12776-sec-0010-title&quot;&gt;4.6 Implications for practice&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;We recommend patients&amp;rsquo; active participation in planning the PIR. PIRs should be conducted in a supportive atmosphere, including trusted persons, emphasizing and acknowledging a dialogical approach.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/section&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PhD thesis</style></work-type><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">etikk</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>34</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Åsne Sørflaten</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rettslig grunnlag for bruk av tvang i etableringsfasen for tvungent psykisk helsevern</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">juridisk</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">legalitetsprinsippet</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">rettslig grunnlag</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsinnleggelse</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">§3-3</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://bora.uib.no/bora-xmlui/bitstream/handle/11250/2772288/160_JUS399_V21.pdf?sequence=1&amp;isAllowed=y</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">UiB, juridisk fakultet</style></publisher><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Alle mennesker har en rett til frihet og en rett til et privatliv. I norsk rett følger dette av Grunnloven &amp;sect;&amp;sect; 94 og 102, og av Den europeiske menneskerettighetskonvensjonen (EMK) artikkel 5 og artikkel 8. 1 Likevel vil staten i visse tilfeller ha behov for å begrense disse rettighetene. Begrensningene vil på bakgrunn av rettighetenes betydning, oppleves som svært inngripende overfor individet. Legalitetsprinsippet vil derfor komme inn som en viktig sikkerhet for å sikre at individets rettssikkerhet blir ivaretatt. Inngrep i menneskerettighetene bør kun skje som en siste utvei, innenfor kontrollerte rammer og med tydelige vilkår. Psykisk helsevernloven gir en særskilt tillatelse til å gjøre inngrep i individets frihet og privatliv i de tilfeller hvor formålet er å gi vedkommende nødvendig helsehjelp.2 Loven stiller imidlertid mange og strenge vilkår for når inngrep uten samtykke kan foretas.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Oppgavens hovedproblemstilling er hvilken adgang psykisk helsevernloven gir til å bruke tvang i tidsperioden før det er fattet vedtak om tvungent psykisk helsevern etter phvl. &amp;sect; 3-3 a. Med &amp;laquo;tvang&amp;raquo; menes i denne sammenheng helsehjelp som gis &amp;laquo;uten at det er gitt samtykke&amp;raquo;, jf. definisjonen i phvl. &amp;sect; 1-2 tredje ledd. Begrepet omfatter følgelig både fysisk og psykisk tvang. For å besvare problemstillingen vil jeg foreta en rettsdogmatisk analyse av vilkårene for bruk av tvang i de relevante bestemmelsene i psykisk helsevernloven kapittel 3. Kapittelet regulerer etablering og opphør av tvungent psykisk helsevern, og enkelte av disse bestemmelsene vil derfor ha betydning for oppgavens problemstilling.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Oppgaven befinner seg på et rettsområde som for tiden er under utvikling. De siste årene har det særlig vært fokus på å øke vernet av borgernes rettssikkerhet innen tvungent psykisk helsevern.3 Bruk av tvang i perioden før pasienten formelt er innlagt på institusjon er videre i liten grad omtalt i forarbeider og juridisk litteratur. Oppgavens problemstilling er derfor aktuell som følge av at rekkevidden av disse tvangshjemlene delvis er uklare.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;For å skape en oversiktlig struktur i framstillingen vil etableringsprosessen for tvungent psykisk helsevern deles i fire faser. Disse fasene utgjør en tidsakse som vil danne strukturen i oppgavens hoveddel. Hva de ulike fasene innebærer kan best illustreres med et praktisk eksempel.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mastergradsoppgave</style></work-type><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsinnleggelse, etikk</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>27</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tora Benedicte Svare Leinan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Katie Iren Wickstrøm</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dagfinn Bjørgen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Geir Småvik</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvang uten døgnopphold - &quot;Tvang som rutine?&quot;</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">erfaringer</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TUD</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tvungent vern uten døgnopphold</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">08/2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://kbtkompetanse.no/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/Hovedrapport_Nettversjon_TUD_2021.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kompetansesenter for brukererfaring og tjenesteutvikling (KBT) </style></publisher><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Mål for prosjektet Overordnet mål for prosjektet var å få mer kunnskap om hva informantene som er, eller har vært underlagt vedtak om Tvungent psykisk helsevern uten døgnopphold (TUD) mener alternativet kan være; hvordan de opplever TUD, hva de trenger hjelp til, hva de savnet av hjelp som alternativ til tvang. Prosjektet hadde også som intensjon å inkludere pårørendeperspektivet, men av ulike årsaker lot dette seg ikke gjøre, så prosjektet omhandler derfor kun informasjon fra pasienter med erfaring fra TUD, tvang uten døgnopphold. Disse vil i det videre kalles for informanter. Målet var også å ev. finne svar på hvorfor pasienter ikke frivillig tok imot hjelpen som ble tilbudt dem, slik at tvungent psykisk helsevern uten døgnopphold ble det valgte tiltak. Hensikten var i utgangspunktet å løfte frem både pasienters og pårørendes erfaringer/anbefalinger om hva som kan bidra til reduksjon i tvangsbruk. I denne rapporten har vi som sagt kun hentet erfaringer fra pasientene. Problemstilling Hvordan kan helseforetaket gi nødvendig helsehjelp til pasienter som ikke frivillig vil ta imot den hjelpen helsetjenesten tilbyr.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rapport</style></work-type><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tud</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>34</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Skjerlie, Marita</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Domstolstilgang for vedtak om tvangsmedisinering etter psykisk helsevernloven. Er rettssikkerheten tilstrekkelig?</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Psykisk helsevernloven</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">rettssikkerhet</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsbehandling</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsmedisinering</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">06/2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://munin.uit.no/bitstream/handle/10037/19848/thesis.pdf?sequence=2&amp;isAllowed=y</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">UiT, juridisk fakultet</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tromsø</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Tema for oppgaven er domstolstilgang ved vedtak om tvangsmedisinering etter psykisk helsevernloven, herunder om rettssikkerheten er tilstrekkelig. Den første september 2017 trådte det i kraft flere endringer i psykisk helsevernloven. Formålet med lovendringen var blant annet å øke rettssikkerheten til pasientene. I oppgaven foretas den en analyse av gjeldene rett og det gjøres rede for om personer som blir utsatt for tvangsmedisinering har tilgang til å overpøve vedtaket hos domstolen. I lys av konklusjonen tas det stilling til om rettsikkerheten til pasientene er tilstrekkelig. I oppgaven gjøres det rede for hva som ligger i retten til en effective remedy etter EMK artikkel 13, utfordringene med fri rettshjelpsordningen og skille mellom formell domstolsdgang og reell domstolstilgang.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Master thesis</style></work-type><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">etikk, tvangsbehandling</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Steinert T, Baumgardt J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bechdolf A, Bühling-Schndowski F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cole C, Flammer E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jaeger S, Junghanss J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kampmann, M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mahler, L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muche, R</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Implementation of guidelines on prevention of coercion and violence (PreVCo) in psychiatry: a multicentre randomised controlled trial</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Frontiers in Psychiatry</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">clinical guidelines</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">coercive measures</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">evidence based treatment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Psychiatry</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">quality management</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Restraint</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seclusion</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">violence</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">09.15.2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">file:///C:/Users/jha041/Downloads/fpsyt-11-579176.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Coercive measures are among the most controversial interventions in psychiatry. There is a large discrepancy between the sheer number of high-quality guidelines and the small number of scientifically accompanied initiatives to promote and evaluate their implementation into clinical routine. In Germany, an expert group developed guidelines to provide evidence- and consensus-based recommendations on how to deal with violence and coercion in psychiatry.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>6</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Syse, A.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Klagesaksbehandling ved omsorgstvang etter velferdslovgivningen</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Klage</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Klagebehandling</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Omsorgstvang</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Velferdslovgivning</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.fagbokforlaget.no/Uten-sammenligning/I9788245033007</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fagbokforlaget</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oslo</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">700</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9788245033007</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Fagfellevurdert kapittel i &amp;quot;Uten sammenligning&lt;br /&gt;Festskrift til Eivind Smith 70 år&amp;quot; -- En empiriskbasert vurdering av&lt;br /&gt;kontrollkommisjoner, fylkesmenn og fylkesnemnder ved behandling av klagesaker&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Etikk</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>32</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seberg, Adrian Wangberg</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A liberating music therapy. A qualitative study on music therapy in the meeting with Norwegian compulsory mental healthcare</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">musikkterapi</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvungent psykisk helsevern</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">06/2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://hdl.handle.net/11250/2656101</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Norges musikkhøgskole</style></publisher><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">342</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">978-82-7853-282-9</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sammendrag&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Denne studien undersøker hva musikkterapi kan være for brukere innen tvungent psykisk helsevern. Musikkterapi som en humanistisk og recovery-orientert tilnærming kan sees på som en sosialakademisk bevegelse som søker å styrke deltakerens handlemuligheter, og norske yrkesetiske retningslinjer fremhever at musikkterapeuter bør støtte opp om deltakernes selvbestemmelse. Disse verdiene utfordres når musikkterapeuten arbeider innen praksiser som fremmer ufrivillig behandling.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;I dag er vi vitne til endringer i psykisk helsevern i Norge både når det gjelder tvungen behandling og krav om medikamentfri behandling. Samtidig er musikkterapi på vei inn for å etableres i psykisk helsevern rundt i landet. Det er viktig at musikkterapeuter besitter kunnskap om tvang og er bevisst sine holdninger når de trer inn i diskurser som historisk sett har vært preget av ulike tvangsmessige tilnærminger.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tidligere forskning peker på selvbestemmelse og frihet i musikkterapi som viktige elementer i musikkterapi innen psykisk helsevern og i nærliggende praksisfelt. Tidligere forskning viser også at brukere med lite motivasjon for behandling kan ha utbytte av musikkterapi, og at musikkterapi kan oppleves som noe annet enn annen behandling. Det overordnede forskningsspørsmålet i denne studien er som følger: &amp;lsquo;Hva kan musikkterapi være for brukere innen tvungent psykisk helsevern?&amp;rsquo;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Forskeren støtter seg til et humanistisk perspektiv på musikkterapi som inkluderer tankesett fra recovery-orientert musikkterapi, ressursorientert musikkterapi og samfunnsmusikkterapi. Forskerens forståelse av holdninger og praksiser i moderne psykisk helsevern er påvirket av et postmodernisme-informert kritisk perspektiv, og særlig av Foucault sine betraktninger om diskurser; psykisk helsevern slik vi kjenner den i dag er ikke nødvendigvis et resultat av en kunnskapsbasert tilnærming, men også et resultat av styrende diskurser. Dis/ability-feltet ser ut til å gå godt sammen med både et humanistisk perspektiv på musikkterapi og en postmoderneinformert kritisk forståelse av samfunnet; dis/ability-perspektivet støtter seg også til Konvensjonen om rettighetene til personer med nedsatt funksjonsevne som benyttes i denne studien til å peke forholdet mellom samfunnet og individets helse, og til å tydeliggjøre viktigheten av å opprettholde menneskerettigheter for mennesker med utfordringer tilknyttet psykiske helse. Tanker fra kritisk psykiatri og tanker om positive og negative friheter er også del av forskerens grunnlag for å diskutere musikkterapi i tvungent psykisk helsevern.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Studien har en kvalitativ design. Det empiriske materialet er konstruert gjennom intervjuer med syv musikkterapideltakere underlagt tvungent psykisk helsevern, og hvor deltakernes respektive musikkterapeuter var deltakende i intervjuet. Intervjuene ble transkribert og analysert tematisk.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tre hovedtemaer ble konstruert på bakgrunn av den tematiske analysen: 1) frivillig musikkterapi, 2) motiverende musikkterapi, og 3) helsefremmende musikkterapi. Studiens deltakere anså musikkterapi som frivillig til tross for at de ellers var underlagt tvang: Deltakerne ønsket tilgang til liknende musikkaktiviteter utover terapiforløpet; de ønsket at andre får tilsvarende tilbud om musikkterapi som dem selv; og noen av deltakerne har tatt initiativ til å øke hyppigheten av musikkterapiavtaler. Noen aspekter av musikkterapi synes å gå igjen når det gjelder grunner til å delta i musikkterapi: Deltakerne har allerede et nært forhold til musikk, og de er kjent med de positive bieffektene som kan komme av musikk og deltakelse i musikkaktiviteter; med musikkterapi følger et avbrekk fra behandling, tvang, medisinering, sterile avdelinger og andre brukere; i musikkterapi er deltakerne frie til å være seg selv og til å utforske, uavhengig av musikalsk bakgrunn eller ferdighetsnivå; musikkterapi er en sosial arena for å dyrke relasjoner med både musikkterapeuten og andre deltakere. Deltakelse i musikkterapi kan påvirke bedringsprosessen på flere måter: Musikkterapi er noen ganger ansett for å være ukas høydepunkt og noe å se frem til i vanskelige perioder; musikkterapi kan hjelpe deltakerne i gang i aktivitet, og for noen av deltakerne er musikkterapi den eneste ukentlige aktiviteten de deltar i; med deltakelse i musikkterapi følger meningsfulle opplevelser og et spekter av positive følelser; deltakelse i musikkterapi kan i følge deltakerne bidra til å redusere symptomer og utfordringer innen psykisk helse, som angst og tankekjør.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Forfatteren av denne studien foreslår begrepet &amp;lsquo;frigjørende musikkterapi&amp;rsquo; som svar på det innledende forskningsspørsmålet om hva musikkterapi kan være for brukere i tvungent psykisk helsevern. Beskrivelsen av hva en frigjørende musikkterapi kan være inkluderer frihetsfremmende aspekter i tre lag: 1) i musikkterapisesjonen, 2) i bedringsprosessen og 3) i samfunnet. Disse tre lagene er også diskutert i sammenheng med tre ulike nivåer av musikkterapi: 1) praksis, 2) profesjon og 3) akademisk disiplin.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Forfatteren av denne argumenterer for at musikkterapeuter innen tvungent psykisk helsevern har et ansvar for å legge til rette for opplevd frihet i musikkterapisesjonen og legge til rette for brukernes selvbestemmelse i psykisk helsevern. Som del av en akademisk disiplin bør musikkterapeuter, i følge forfatteren, motkjempe unødvendig bruk av tvang, og støtte medbestemmelse og helsefremmende strukturer, i psykisk helsevern og i kulturen for øvrig.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Abstract&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;This study asks what music therapy can be for service users within compulsory mental healthcare. As a humanistic and recovery-oriented approach, Norwegian music therapy may be viewed as part of a social-academic movement that aims to enhance the participants&amp;rsquo; possibilities for action, and Norwegian work ethical guidelines stress that music therapists should support self-determination for the service user. These values, however, are challenged when working within cultures of involuntary treatment.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Today we witness changes within the mental health care in Norway regarding both compulsory treatment and the emphasis on alternatives to medications. At the same time music therapy is on its way to be established within mental healthcare across the country. It is important that music therapists are educated about coercion and aware of their attitudes when they are positioned within discourses historically characterized by different coercive measures.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Previous research on user experiences points at self-determination and freedom within music therapy as important aspects of music therapy within mental health care and in adjacent practices. Also, previous research teaches us that people with low motivation for treatment may profit from music therapy and that music therapy can be experiences as something else than other treatments. The overarching research question for this study is: &amp;lsquo;What can music therapy be for service users within compulsory mental healthcare?&amp;rsquo;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The researcher works through a humanistic perspective on music therapy, which includes notions from recovery-oriented music therapy, resource-oriented music therapy, and community music therapy. A postmodernism-informed critical perspective has influenced this study. Especially Foucault&amp;rsquo;s notion on discourse have impacted the author&amp;rsquo;s understanding of attitudes and practices within modern mental healthcare; the status quo of mental healthcare is not necessarily the result of a knowledge-based approach, but also a result of ruling discourses. Dis/ability-studies is a perspective that seems to go well with both the humanistic perspective on music therapy and a postmodernism-informed critical understanding of the community; this perspective also aligns with the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities that is used to point at the relationships between society and individual health, and to stress the importance of maintaining human rights for persons with mental health challenges. Notions from critical psychiatry and notions about positive and negative liberties are also part of the researcher&amp;rsquo;s foundation for discussing music therapy within compulsory mental healthcare.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The design of the study is a qualitative one. The empirical material is constructed through joint interviews in which seven music therapy participations undergoing coercive mental healthcare were interviewed together with their respective music therapists. The interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed thematically.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Three main themes were constructed through the thematic analysis: 1) voluntary music therapy, 2) motivating music therapy, and 3) health promoting music therapy. The participants in this study tend to regard music therapy as voluntary although they are currently being treated involuntarily otherwise. They want access to similar activities beyond their therapy process, they want others to have the same access to music therapy, and some of the participants have taken the initiative to increase the frequency of music therapy appointments. Some aspects of music therapy are mentioned frequently for why people want music therapy: The participants already have a close relationship with music, and they are familiar with the potential positive by-products from music and from participating in music activities; music therapy participation comes with a break from treatment, coercion, medications, sterile wards, and other service users; in music therapy people are free to be themselves and free to explore, regardless of musical background or skill level; music therapy is a social arena for growing relationships with the therapist, as well as with peers. Participation in music therapy can affect the recovery process in several ways: music therapy is sometimes regarded the highlight of the week and is something to look forward to during a hard time; music therapy can help people to get going, and for some people music therapy is the only activity in which they participate during a regular week; music therapy participation comes with meaningful experiences and a spectrum of positive emotions; sometimes taking part in music therapy helps to reduce symptoms and mental health challenges, such as anxiety and run of thoughts.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The author of this study suggests the term &amp;lsquo;liberating music therapy&amp;rsquo; as an answer to the initial research question of what music therapy can be for people within compulsory mental healthcare. In the description of what a liberating music therapy can be, attention is drawn towards freedom-enhancing perspectives on three layers: 1) within the music therapy sessions, 2) within the recovery process, and 3) within society. These three layers are also discussed in regards to three different levels of music therapy as: 1) a practice, 2) a profession, and 3) an academic discipline. The author argues that music therapists have the responsibility to enable a sense of freedom within the music therapy session, as well as to strive for self-determination within the mental healthcare-system. As part of an academic discipline, the author argues, music therapists should oppose unnecessary use of compulsory mental healthcare, and support self-determination and r ecovery-enabling structures, both in mental healthcare and in society as a whole.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Doctor Thesis</style></work-type><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">annet</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>34</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Astri Mia Sve</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Omfang og variasjon i tvungen behandling av spiseforstyrrelser i Norge, 2013-2017</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">omfang</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spiseforstyrrelser</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsbehandling</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">variasjon</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://ntnuopen.ntnu.no/ntnu-xmlui/bitstream/handle/11250/2656652/no.ntnu%3ainspera%3a48513497%3a9771716.pdf?sequence=1&amp;isAllowed=y</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">NTNU, Institutt for samfunnsmedisin og sykepleie</style></publisher><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Studiens bakgrunn: Bruk av tvungen behandling er kontroversielt, både nasjonalt og internasjonalt. Dette gjelder også for pasienter med alvorlige spiseforstyrrelser, men likevel kan tvang fremstå som nødvendig i enkelte tilfeller. Det foreligger ingen oversikt over hvor mange pasienter med alvorlige spiseforstyrrelser som legges inn og behandles med tvang i Norge.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Hensikt: Det er et tverrpolitisk mål å redusere all uhensiktsmessig bruk av tvungent psykisk helsevern. En kartlegging av omfang og variasjon av tvungen innleggelse, samt bruk av tvangsbehandling og tvangsmidler i perioden 2013-2017, vil være et viktig kunnskapsgrunnlag for å forbedre kvaliteten av tvangsbruk for pasienter med spiseforstyrrelser.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Metode: Studien benytter kvantitativ metode med spørreskjema som datainnsamlingsmetode. Statistikkprogrammet SPSS ble benyttet for å analysere resultatene. Deskriptiv statistikk med krysstabeller ble benyttet.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Resultater: Av de 177 avdelinger og institusjoner som fikk tilsendt spørreskjema, anga 15 % å ha hatt pasienter med spiseforstyrrelser på TPH i den aktuelle perioden. Studien inkluderte data fra 260 innleggelser og 148 unike pasienter der TPH ble benyttet. I alt 71 % var registret med én innleggelse i løpet av perioden, mens 12 % var registrert med tre eller flere innleggelser. Av samtlige pasienter var 97 % kvinner og 3 % menn. Bruken av tvungen behandling og tvangsmidler ser ut til å variere i de ulike regionene. Studien viser at 60 % av pasientene rapporterte om traumehistorikk, hvor 45 % av disse rapporterte om flere traumer i kombinasjon.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Konklusjon: Relativt få pasienter legges inn til tvungen behandling for spiseforstyrrelser i Norge, men bruk av tvungen behandling og tvangsmidler varierer mellom de ulike regionene. Det kan tyde på at omfanget av tvungen behandling kan reduseres. Over halvparten av pasientene som mottok tvungen behandling rapporterte om traumer. Det er behov for mer kunnskap for å utvikle behandlingstilnærminger som kan redusere bruk av tvang i psykisk helsevern for voksne med spiseforstyrrelser i Norge.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Background: The use of Involuntary treatment is controversial, both nationally and internationally. This also applies to patients with severe eating disorders, but nonetheless, coercion may appear necessary in some cases to save lives. There is no record of how many patients with severe eating disorders are admitted and forcibly treated in Norway.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Objective: It is a cross-political goal to reduce all inappropriate use of compulsory mental health care. A survey of the extent and variety of forced hospitalization, as well as the use of coercive treatment and coercive measures in the period 2013-2017, will be an important knowledge base for improving the quality of involuntary treatment for patients with eating disorders.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Method: The study uses a quantitative method with a questionnaire as data collection method. The SPSS statistics program was used to analyze the results. Descriptive statistics with cross tables were used.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Results: Of the 177 departments and institutions that were sent questionnaires, 15 % stated that they had patients with eating disorders who were involuntarily committed during the period. The study included data from 260 admissions covering 148 unique patients where Involuntary treatment were applied. A total of 71 % were registered with one admission during the period, while 12 % were registered with three or more admissions. Of all patients, 97 % were women and 3 % were men. The use of forced treatment and coercive measures seems to vary in the different regions. The study shows that 60 % of the patients reported trauma history, while 45 % reported multiple trauma in combination.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Conclusion: Relatively few patients are admitted to forced treatment for eating disorders in Norway, but the use of forced treatment and coercive measures varies between the different regions. This may indicate that the extent of forced treatment may be reduced. More than half of the patients receiving Involuntary treatment reported trauma. More knowledge is needed to develop treatment approaches that can reduce the use of coercion in mental health care for adults with eating disorders in Norway.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mastergradsoppgave</style></work-type><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsbehandling</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>34</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stellander, Eirik</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Organisasjonskultur, ledelse og tvang i psykisk helsevern</style></title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Organizational culture, leadership and coercion in mental health care</style></short-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">akuttpsykiatri</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">helseledelse</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tvang</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">07/2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://nordopen.nord.no/nord-xmlui/bitstream/handle/11250/2685712/Stellander.pdf?sequence=1&amp;isAllowed=y</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nord Universitet, Master i helseledelse</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bodø</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sammendrag&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Målet med denne oppgaven har vært å få innsikt i, og kunnskap om, hvordan enhetslederne ved akuttpostene ved Akuttpsykiatrisk seksjon ved Psykisk helse- og rusklinikken UNN HF, opplever organisasjonskulturen i egen enhet, og hvordan de tenker omkring sammenhengen mellom organisasjonskultur, ledelse og bruk av tvang i psykisk helsevern.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Problemstilling&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Hvilken forståelse har enhetslederne ved Akuttpsykiatrisk seksjon av organisasjonskulturen i egen enhet, og på hvilken måte mener enhetsledere de kan påvirke organisasjonskulturen for å oppnå målet om redusert og kvalitetssikret bruk av tvang?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Metode&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Kvalitativ forskning med semistrukturerte intervjuer med enhetslederne ved de tre akuttpostene ved Akuttpsykiatrisk seksjon. Metoden har en fenomenologisk, hermeneutisk og utforskende tilnærming til datagrunnlaget. Det er også innhentet sekundærdata om antall vedtak om skjerming og tvangsmidler ved Akuttpsykiatrisk seksjon i perioden 2015 &amp;ndash; 2019.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hovedfunn&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Enhetsledernes forståelse av organisasjonskultur er i tråd med de vanligst brukte definisjoner og teorier. Enhetslederne legger mest vekt på verdier og normer, og deres beskrivelse av kulturen i egen enhet passer best med den idealtypiske organisasjonskulturen &amp;quot;klan&amp;quot;. Enhetsledernes tanker om hva de kan gjøre for å påvirke organisasjonskulturen begrenser seg hovedsakelig til hva de selv direkte kan gjøre ovenfor personalet. Dette vitner om en noe begrenset forståelse av hvordan organisasjoner fungerer. Enhetslederne har en bred forståelse for hvilke organisatoriske trekk og faktorer som kan påvirke bruk av tvang i psykisk helsevern. Enhetslederne er enige om at en verdibasert og relasjonsorientert lederstil med fokus på integrasjon og tillitt vil være den mest hensiktsmessige og effektive måten å gå fram på for å skape en ønsket organisasjonskultur, og de har en holistisk tilnærming til målet om å oppnå redusert og kvalitetssikret bruk av tvang.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Konklusjon&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Enhetslederne har en adekvat og tilstrekkelig forståelse av, og kunnskap om, fenomenet organisasjonskultur, og sammenhengen mellom organisasjonskultur, ledelse og bruk av tvang.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Abstract&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The aim of this thesis was to explore how managers of acute psychiatric wards within the Acute Psychiatry Section of the Psychiatric Health- and Addiction Medicine Clinic at University hospital of North Norway, experience the culture in their own wards, and to gain insight in their thoughts about the relationship between organizational culture, leadership and coercion in mental health care.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Research question&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;What understanding do the managers in the Acute Psychiatry Section have about the organizational culture in their own wards, and in what way do they think they can influence the culture to achieve a reduced and quality assured use of force?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Method&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The issue was explored using qualitative methodology with semi-structured interviews with the managers of the three acute psychiatric wards within the Acute Psychiatry Section. The methodology has a phenomenological, hermeneutic and explorative approach. I have also obtained data regarding the number of decisions to use seclusion and restraint against patients in the three acute psychiatric wards for the years 2015 &amp;ndash; 2019.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The managers understanding of organizational culture are in line with det most commonly used definitions and theories regarding this phenomenon. The managers experience of the culture in their own wards can best be described as an ideally typical &amp;quot;clan&amp;quot; culture. Their thoughts about what they can do to influence the culture are mostly limited to what they can do directly towards their own staff. This is an indication of a somewhat narrow understanding of how organizations work. The managers have a broad understanding of the organizational traits that can influence the use of force in psychiatric care, and they all agree that a valuebased leadership style with emphasis on relationships, integration and trust is the most expedient and efficient method to create a desired organizational culture.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The managers have an adequate understanding and sufficient knowledge of organizational culture, and the relationship between organizational culture, management and use of force.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Master thesis</style></work-type><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">annet</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Førde, R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hovland, IS</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Syse, A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dunlop, O</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Paradokser og ulikheter i norsk helsevesen</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tidsskrift for Den Norske Laegeforening</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">juridisk</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">lov</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">lovverk</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tvang</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ulikhet</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10/2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://tidsskriftet.no/2020/09/kronikk/paradokser-og-ulikheter-i-norsk-helsevesen</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Ulike pasientgrupper, alle med livstruende lidelser og selvskadende adferd, blir behandlet ulikt, selv om de har lik alder og nokså lik prognose.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Denne artikkelen springer ut fra drøftinger i klinisk etikk-komitéer (KEK) rundt pasienter som blir intensivbehandlet med omfattende ressursbruk, inkludert bruk av tvang. Etter et slikt drøftingsmøte har involverte klinikere uttrykt undring over hvordan ulike pasientgrupper blir behandlet ulikt. I det følgende vil vi bruke konstruerte sykehistorier sammensatt av mange ulike pasienter for å illustrere noen paradokser.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></issue><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tvangsinnleggelse, tvangsmidler, etikk</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hammervold, U.E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Norvoll, R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vevatne, K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Saagvaag, H.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Post-incident reviews-a gift to the Ward or just another procedure? Care providers' experiences and considerations regarding post-incident reviews after restraint in mental health services. A qualitative study</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BMC Health Services Research (Open Access)</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ettersamtaler</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsbehandling</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsmidler</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">06/2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://bmchealthservres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12913-020-05370-8</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">20</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Public guidelines in many western countries recommend post-incident reviews (PIRs) with patients after restraint use in mental health care. PIRs are one of several elements of seclusion and restraint reduction in internationally used programmes. PIRs may improve restraint prevention, patients&amp;#39; recovery processes and care providers&amp;#39; ethical mindfulness. The knowledge base on PIRs is, however, vague. This qualitative study explores professional care providers&amp;#39; experiences and considerations regarding PIRs that included patients after restraint use in a Norwegian context.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h4&gt;METHODS:&lt;/h4&gt;&lt;p&gt;Within a phenomenological hermeneutical framework, 19 multidisciplinary care providers were interviewed about their experiences and views regarding PIRs that included patients after restraint events. The interviews were performed over the period 2015-2016. Data analysis followed a data-driven stepwise approach in line with thematic content analysis. A group of two patient consultants in mental health services, and one patient&amp;#39;s next of kin, contributed with input regarding the interview guide and analysis process.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h4&gt;RESULTS:&lt;/h4&gt;&lt;p&gt;Care providers experienced PIRs as having the potential to improve the quality of care through a) knowledge of other perspectives and solutions; b) increased ethical and professional awareness; and c) emotional and relational processing. However, the care providers considered that PIRs&amp;#39; potential could be further exploited as they struggled to get hold on the patients&amp;#39; voices in the encounter. The care providers considered that issue to be attributable to the patients&amp;#39; conditions, the care providers&amp;#39; safety and skills and the characteristics of institutional and cultural conditions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h4&gt;CONCLUSION:&lt;/h4&gt;&lt;p&gt;Human care philosophies and a framework of care ethics seem to be preconditions for promoting patients&amp;#39; active participation in PIRs after restraints. Patients&amp;#39; voices strengthen PIRs&amp;#39; potential to improve care and may also contribute to restraint prevention. To minimise the power imbalance in PIRs, patients&amp;#39; vulnerability, dependency and perceived dignity must be recognised. Patients&amp;#39; individual needs and preferences should be assessed and mapped when planning PIRs, particularly regarding location, time and preferred participants. Care providers must receive training to strengthen their confidence in conducting PIRs in the best possible way. Patients&amp;#39; experiences with PIRs should be explored, especially if participation by trusted family members, peers or advocates may support the patients in PIRs.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">499</style></issue><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsbehandling, Tvangsinnleggelse, Tvangsmidler</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Patricia S. Mann-Poll</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eric O. Noorthoorn</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Annet Smit</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Giel J. M. Hutschemaekers</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Three Pathways of Seclusion Reduction Programs to Sustainability: Ten Years Follow Up in Psychiatry</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Inpatient psychiatry</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Program evaluation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">seclusion and restraint</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sustainability</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11126-020-09738-1#article-info</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;From 2004 onwards, above 50 seclusion reduction programs (SRP) were developed, implemented and evaluated in the Netherlands. However, little is known about their sustainability, as to which extent obtained reduction could be maintained. This study monitored three programs over ten years seeking to identify important factors contributing to this. We reviewed documents of three SRPs that received governmental funding to reduce seclusion. Next, we interviewed key figures from each institute, to investigate the SRP documents and their implementation in practice. We monitored the number of seclusion events and the number of seclusion days with the Argus rating scale over ten years in three separate phases: 2008&amp;ndash;2010, 2011&amp;ndash;2014 and 2015&amp;ndash;2017. As we were interested in sustainability after the governmental funding ended in 2012, our focus was on the last phase. Although in different rate, all mental health institutes showed some decline in seclusion events during and immediately after the SRP. After end of funding one institute showed numbers going up and down. The second showed an increase in number of seclusion days. The third institute displayed a sustained and continuous reduction in use of seclusion, even several years after the received funding. This institute was the only one with an ongoing institutional SRP after the governmental funding. To sustain accomplished seclusion reduction, a continuous effort is needed for institutional awareness of the use of seclusion, even after successful implementation of SRPs. If not, successful SRPs implemented in psychiatry will easily relapse in traditional use of seclusion.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>46</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bremnes, R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Skui, H</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvang i psykisk helsevern - Status etter lovendringene i 2017</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.helsedirektoratet.no/rapporter/tvang-i-psykisk-helsevern--status-etter-lovendringene-i-2017/Tvang%20i%20psykisk%20helsevern%20-%20Status%20etter%20lovendringene%20i%202017.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Helsedirektoratet</style></publisher><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Statistikk</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>32</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stuen, HK</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Community Treatment Orders in an Assertive Community Treatment setting: a qualitative study of patients, care providers and responsible clinicians</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ACT</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Community Treatment Order</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">06/2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://hdl.handle.net/10037/16695</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">UiT - Norges arktiske universitet (Open Access)</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tromsø</style></pub-location><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">978-82-7589-649-8</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;This study is part of the national research-based evaluation of the 12 first assertive community treatment (ACT) teams in Norway. ACT is a model for multidisciplinary community-based treatment teams that aim to provide a full range of medical, psychosocial and rehabilitation services to people with severe mental illness. Over 30% of the patients treated in the ACT teams were subject to community treatment orders (CTOs) at intake during the teams&amp;rsquo; first year of operation. CTOs, which is a legal tool to compel patients with severe mental illness to adhere to outpatient treatment, have been widely used since the Norwegian Mental Health Care Act was implemented in 1961. Previous studies have shown that patients consider CTOs as a more restrictive intervention than clinicians do. Many patients experience CTOs as disempowering, and many patients feel that clinicians&amp;rsquo; one-sided focus on medication impedes their recovery processes. In this qualitative study, Stuen and colleagues investigated how patients, ACT providers and responsible clinicians experienced CTOs and CTO decision making within the context of the relatively newly established ACT teams. Stuen and colleagues show that patients have mixed views of CTOs. However, the ACT team&amp;rsquo;s availability, the flexible combination of interventions, continued care, support and possibility to make choices were described as important improvements compared to traditional office-based mental health services. Several of the participants described a gradual transition toward regarding the CTO as an acceptable solution, provided that they received other services they found beneficial. For clinicians, CTO decisions involve dilemmas and difficult professional judgements, and they highlighted the opportunities the multidisciplinary team provided for discussions and shared responsibility for follow-up care. The ACT model&amp;rsquo;s structured approach, the daily team meetings and the sharing of ideas about how to handle clinical problems allowed for more flexibility and, they believed, more voluntary options.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Article collection</style></work-type><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TUD</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>34</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Else Marie Bleikelia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Christina Hagen Haugen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nora Madelene Bjørsland Svingen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ingunn Ulvestad</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Forebygging i akuttpsykiatrien</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mekaniske tvangsmidler</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2613387</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">NTNU, Fakultet for medisin og helsevitenskap, Institutt for helsevitenskap Gjøvik, bachelor i sykepleie</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gjøvik</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Bakgrunn: Å redusere bruken av tvang i psykiatrien har lenge vært et helsepolitisk mål.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Det har blitt gjennomført store prosjekter med mangel på markante positive resultater. Utøving av mekanisk tvang kan være etisk utfordrende for sykepleiere og hindrer pasientens autonomi.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Hensikt: Hensikten med denne studien er å undersøke hvilke tiltak som kan være forebyggende mot bruken av mekaniske tvangsmidler.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Metode: Litteraturstudie er brukt som metode. Den bygger på fag- og forskningsbasert kunnskap. Det er foretatt systematisk litteratursøk i ulike databaser, hvor kvalitativ og kvantitativ forskning er benyttet.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Resultat: Det synliggjøres ulike faktorer som kan bidra til å forebygge bruken av mekaniske tvangsmidler. Resultatene fremstilles under fem kategorier: kunnskap, brukermedvirkning, relasjon og kommunikasjon, miljøterapi og risikofaktorer. Det er likevel nødvendig med ytterligere forskning på dette temaet.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Konklusjon: Litteraturstudien konkluderer med ulike tiltak som kan bidra til å forebygge bruken av mekaniske tvangsmidler. Det omhandler økt utdanning og kunnskap, samt fremme pasientens brukermedvirkning. Andre tiltak var god relasjon og kommunikasjon, miljøterapi, kartlegging og identifisering av risikofaktorer.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bachelor Thesis</style></work-type><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsmidler</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>34</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Guddal, Benjamin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gustad, Kristine Espegren</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sikveland, Helene</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stabursvik, Julie</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Årvik, Magnus Dahl</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Frivillige innleggelser i psykisk helsevern og manglende samtykkekompetanse. Et kvalitetsforbedringsprosjekt ved akuttpsykiatrisk mottak, Oslo Universitetssykehus, Ullevål</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">frivillig innleggelse</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">konvertering</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Samtykkekompetanse</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11/2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://urn.nb.no/URN:NBN:no-74046</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">UiO, Institutt for helse og samfunn</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oslo</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Problemstilling:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Mange pasienter med manglende samtykkekompetanse for psykisk helsehjelp blir i dag innlagt frivillig i akuttpsykiatrien, selv om samtykkekompetanse er en forutsetning for frivillighet. Dette er problematisk da lovverket forbyr konvertering fra frivillig til tvungent psykisk helsevern. I praksis fører dette til at pasienter må utskrives og reinnlegges med ny vurdering av en uavhengig instans, noe som er belastende for pasient og helsevesen. Vår problemstilling er: Hvordan forhindre at pasienter som ikke er samtykkekompetente for psykisk helsehjelp legges inn under frivillig psykisk helsevern?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Kunnskapsgrunnlag:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Psykisk Helsevernloven kapittel 3 slår fast at pasienter med manglende samtykkekompetanse ikke kan legges inn til frivillig behandling. Det finnes lite evidens som støtter lovteksten, og det eksisterer også lite kunnskap om effekten av tvang. Det er imidlertid god evidens for spørsmål rettet mot forståelse, anerkjennelse, resonnering og valg (FARV) som kartleggingsverktøy for vurdering av samtykkekompetanse.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tiltak og kvalitetsindikatorer:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Målet er å redusere antallet konverteringer fra frivillig til tvungent psykisk helsevern ved Akuttpsykiatrisk mottak på Ullevål sykehus med 50% på 6 måneder. Dette skal gjøres ved å innføre standardisert telefonveiledning for vurdering av samtykkekompetanse mellom vakthavende lege ved akuttpsykiatrisk avdeling ved OUS og innleggende lege. Et flytskjema som fremstiller denne telefonveiledningen skjematisk henges opp på vaktrommet i akuttpsykiatrisk mottak. I tillegg legges det en strofe inn i det eksisterende &amp;ldquo;ny pasient&amp;rdquo;-skjemaet som sjekker om flytskjemaet er benyttet. Til sist skal IKT-ansvarlig utarbeide et e-læringskurs som demonstrerer hvordan samtalen foretas i praksis. Indikatorene er antall konverteringer (resultatindikator) og hvorvidt tiltakene gjennomføres (prosessindikator).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ledelse og organisering:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ledelsen og ansvaret skal ligge hos akuttpsykiatrisk avd., OUS Ullevål. Prosjektgruppen vil bestå av LIS i psykiatri, studentrepresentanter (oss), IKT-ansvarlig og representant fra legevakten i Storgata. Prosjektet skal struktureres ved hjelp av PUKK-modellen (Planlegge, Utføre, Korrigere og Kontrollere) med 2-ukers innføring, deretter ukentlig gjennomgang av valgte indikatorer. Prosjektgruppen møtes for vurdering etter én og seks måneder.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Konklusjon:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Telefonveiledet vurdering av samtykkekompetanse er et lite ressurskrevende tiltak som enkelt kan gjennomføres. Prosjektet vil forhåpentligvis føre til økt pasientsikkerhet, mer korrekt bruk av tvangsinnleggelser og mindre ressursbruk i helsevesenet.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Master Thesis</style></work-type><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tvangsinnleggelse</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>34</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anna Vattekar Sandvoll</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Manglende samtykkekompetanse som vilkår for tvang i psykisk helsevern</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">juss</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Samtykkekompetanse</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">07/2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://hdl.handle.net/1956/20761</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Universitetet i Bergen, Det juridiske fakultet</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bergen</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Avhandlinga tek føre seg nytt vilkår i psykisk helsevernlova &amp;sect;&amp;sect; 3-2, 3-3 og 4-4 som slår fast at pasienten må &amp;laquo;mange samtykkekompetanse&amp;raquo; for å underleggjast tvang. Vilkåret medfører ein nektingsrett for pasientar med samtykkekompetansen intakt. Spørsmålet om samtykkekompetanse skal ifølgje føresegnene avgjerast etter reglane i pasient- og brukarrettslova &amp;sect; 4-3. Føresegna er ikkje skreddarsydd for det psykiske helsevernet. Eit sentralt spørsmål i avhandlinga er difor korleis denne føresegna skal knyttast opp mot tvangsheimlane i psykisk helsevernlova. Avhandlinga drøftar også korleis tvangsheimlane i psykisk helsevernlova står seg ovanfor FN-konvensjonen om rettane til menneske med nedsett funksjonsevne (CRPD).&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsbehandling, Tvangsinnleggelse, Tvangsmidler</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>6</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Syse, A.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Om endringene i psykisk helsevernloven fra 2017 - Mere juss og mindre fag?</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dette brenner jeg for. Festskrift til Hege Brækhus 70 år</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">juss</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lovendring 2017</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Psykisk helsevernloven</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.fagbokforlaget.no/Dette-brenner-jeg-for/I9788245033120</style></url></web-urls></urls><edition><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></edition><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fagbokforlaget</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oslo</style></pub-location><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">514</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9788245033120</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Fagfellevurdert bokkapittel av Aslak Syse om endringene i psykisk helsevernloven fra&amp;nbsp;2017.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Sider 483 - 504&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Etikk</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Henriette Riley</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ekaterina Sharashova</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jorun Rugkåsa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Olav Nyttingnes</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tore Buer Christensen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ann-Torunn Andersen Austegard</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maria Løvsletten</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bjørn Lau</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Georg Høyer</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Out-patient commitment order use in Norway: incidence and prevalence rates, duration and use of mental health services from the Norwegian Outpatient Commitment Study</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BJPsych Open</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Community Treatment Order</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">OCT</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Outpatient commitment</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">09/2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0160252718301900</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;h3 id=&quot;sec_a1title&quot;&gt;Background&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p id=&quot;__p1&quot;&gt;Norway authorised out-patient commitment in 1961, but there is a lack of representative and complete data on the use of out-patient commitment orders.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3 id=&quot;sec_a2title&quot;&gt;Aims&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p id=&quot;__p2&quot;&gt;To establish the incidence and prevalence rates on the use of out-patient commitment in Norway, and how these vary across service areas. Further, to study variations in out-patient commitment across service areas, and use of in-patient services before and after implementation of out-patient commitment orders. Finally, to identify determinants for the duration of out-patient commitment orders and time to readmission.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3 id=&quot;sec_a3title&quot;&gt;Method&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p id=&quot;__p3&quot;&gt;Retrospective case register study based on medical files of all patients with an out-patient commitment order in 2008&amp;ndash;2012 in six catchment areas in Norway, covering one-third of the Norwegian population aged 18 years or more. For a subsample of patients, we recorded use of in-patient care 3 years before and after their first-ever out-patient commitment.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3 id=&quot;sec_a4title&quot;&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p id=&quot;__p4&quot;&gt;Annual incidence varied between 20.7 and 28.4, and prevalence between 36.5 and 48.9, per 100 000 population aged 18 years or above. Rates differed significantly between catchment areas. Mean out-patient commitment duration was 727 days (s.d. = 889). Use of in-patient care decreased significantly in the 3 years after out-patient commitment compared with the 3 years before. Use of antipsychotic medication through the whole out-patient commitment period and fewer in-patient episodes in the 3 years before out-patient commitment predicted longer time to readmission.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3 id=&quot;sec_a5title&quot;&gt;Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p id=&quot;__p5&quot;&gt;Mechanisms behind the pronounced variations in use of out-patient commitment between sites call for further studies. Use of in-patient care was significantly reduced in the 3 years after a first-ever out-patient commitment order was made.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3 id=&quot;sec_a6title&quot;&gt;Declaration of interest&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p id=&quot;__p6&quot;&gt;None.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sep; 5(5): e75</style></issue><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TUD</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Unn E. Hammervold</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reidun Norvoll</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Randi W. Aas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hildegunn Sagvaag</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Post-incident review after restraint in mental health care -a potential for knowledge development, recovery promotion and restraint prevention. A scoping review.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BMC Health Services Research (Open Access)</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Debriefing</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mental</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Post-incident review</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Recovery-oriented care</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reflection</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Restraint reduction</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Restraints</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">04/2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6480590/</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">19</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;h3 id=&quot;__sec1title&quot;&gt;Background&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p id=&quot;Par1&quot;&gt;Use of physical restraint is a common practice in mental healthcare, but is controversial due to risk of physical and psychological harm to patients and creating ethical dilemmas for care providers. Post-incident review (PIR), that involve patient and care providers after restraints, have been deployed to prevent harm and to reduce restraint use. However, this intervention has an unclear scientific knowledge base. Thus, the aim of this scoping review was to explore the current knowledge of PIR and to assess to what extent PIR can minimize restraint-related use and harm, support care providers in handling professional and ethical dilemmas, and improve the quality of care in mental healthcare.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3 id=&quot;__sec2title&quot;&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p id=&quot;Par2&quot;&gt;Systematic searches in the MEDLINE, PsychInfo, Cinahl, Sociological Abstracts and Web of Science databases were carried out. The search terms were derived from the population, intervention and settings.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3 id=&quot;__sec3title&quot;&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p id=&quot;Par3&quot;&gt;Twelve studies were included, six quantitative, four qualitative and two mixed methods. The studies were from Sweden, United Kingdom, Canada and United States. The studies&amp;rsquo; design and quality varied, and PIR s&amp;rsquo; were conducted differently. Five studies explored PIR s&amp;rsquo; as a separate intervention after restraint use, in the other studies, PIR s&amp;rsquo; were described as one of several components in restraint reduction programs. Outcomes seemed promising, but no significant outcome were related to using PIR alone. Patients and care providers reported PIR to: 1) be an opportunity to review restraint events, they would not have had otherwise, and 2) promote patients&amp;rsquo; personal recovery processes, and 3) stimulate professional reflection on organizational development and care.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3 id=&quot;__sec4title&quot;&gt;Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p id=&quot;Par4&quot;&gt;Scientific literature directly addressing PIR s&amp;rsquo; after restraint use is lacking. However, results indicate that PIR may contribute to more professional and ethical practice regarding restraint promotion and the way restraint is executed. The practice of PIR varied, so a specific manual cannot be recommended. More research on PIR use and consequences is needed, especially PIR&amp;rsquo;s potential to contribute to restraint prevention in mental healthcare.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">235</style></issue><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsmidler</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>6</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Syse, A.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Strafferettslig utilregnelighet – Utilregnelig innhold og nærmest utilregnelig prosess</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alvorlig sinnslidelse</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Straffeloven</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Utilregnelighet</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.tvangsforskning.no/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/Strafferettslig-utilregnelighet.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><edition><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></edition><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Institutt for offentlig rett, UiO</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oslo</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Skrevet i vennebok til Ulf Stridbeck 70 år. Utgitt&lt;br /&gt;av Institutt for offentlig rett. Omhandler de nye reglene om strafferettslig&lt;br /&gt;utilregnelighet og strafferettslig særreaksjoner.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Teksten kan lastes ned i sin helhet fra linken under.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;Forfatteren har alle rettigheter til innholdet.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Nedlasting til personlig bruk er gitt tillatelse til.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Etikk</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>34</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ida Cecilie Holten Sem</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oda Vestby Hansen</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvungent psykisk helsevern - med hovedvekt på psykisk helsevernloven § 3-3</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">juss</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Psykisk helsevernloven</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Samtykkekompetanse</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">04/2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://urn.nb.no/URN:NBN:no-72082</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Universitet i Oslo, Det juridiske fakultet</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oslo</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Antall vedtak om tvungent psykisk helsevern har vært stabilt de siste 12 årene. Det har blitt fattet omlag 8000 vedtak hvert år fordelt på omtrent 5 600 personer. I Norge er det en tverrpolitisk målsetting å oppnå økt frivillighet i psykisk helsevern. På bakgrunn av dette ble Lov om etablering og gjennomføring av psykisk helsevern av 2. juli 1999 (psykisk helsevernloven, phvl.) endret i 2017, hvor endringene innebar en innskjerping i adgangen til bruk av tvang i psykisk helsevern. Tall fra Norsk pasientregister viser en viss reduksjon i antall tvangsvedtak mot utgangen av 2017, noe som antas å ha en sammenheng med innføringen av vilkåret om manglende samtykkekompetanse. Tall fra Norsk pasientregister i 2018 indikerer imidlertid allerede nå at denne utviklingen ikke vil vedvare. I denne oppgaven har vi fastlagt innholdet i vilkårene som må være oppfylt for at tvungent psykisk helsevern skal kunne etableres eller opprettholdes etter phvl. &amp;sect; 3-3. Vi har identifisert hvilke formål, hensyn og internasjonale regler som ligger bak utformingen av lovens tvangsbestemmelse fordi vi mener det er en forutsetting å kjenne til grunnleggende hensyn og internasjonale rettskilder for å tolke og anvende lovens bestemmelse. I 2017 ble det i psykisk helsevernloven &amp;sect; 3-3 for etablering og opprettholdelse av tvungent psykisk helsevern innført et nytt selvstendig vilkår om at pasienten må mangle samtykkekompetanse. Vi har undersøkt eventuelle virkninger endringen har fått for vurderingen av om tvungent psykisk helsevern kan etableres eller opprettholdes, samt hvilken betydning endringen har for vurderingen av de øvrige vilkårene i &amp;sect; 3-3. Psykisk helsevernloven &amp;sect; 3-3 oppstiller syv kumulative vilkår, av materiell og prosessuell karakter, som må være oppfylt for at tvungent psykisk helsevern skal kunne etableres eller opprettholdes. Bestemmelsen er omfattende og vilkårene er strenge. Dette innebærer at den faglige ansvarlige står overfor vanskelige vurderinger i praksis. I realiteten treffes gjerne avgjørelsene i et hektisk arbeidsmiljø og i akutte situasjoner som krever raske avgjørelser. Samtidig er det tale om svært inngripende avgjørelser som kan få store konsekvenser for pasienten. Det kan være nødvendig å fatte tvangsvedtak om tvangsinnleggelse av hensyn til pasienten selv og samfunnsvernet. Bestemmelsen er utformet på en måte som skal ivareta pasientens grunnleggende rettsikkerhet og beslutningen skal alltid være den &amp;laquo;klart beste løsning&amp;raquo; for pasienten. Pasientens selvbestemmelsesrett og rettssikkerhet er ment styrket ved innføringen av det nye vilkåret om manglende samtykkekompetanse. Lovgiver oppstiller en generell målsetting i formålsbestemmelsen, jf. phvl. &amp;sect; 1-1, om å redusere bruken av tvang i psykisk helsevern. Styrking av pasientens selvbestemmelsesrett og rettssikkerhet er viktige tiltak for å sikre dette. En utfordring ved tolkningen og anvendelsen av vilkåret om manglende samtykkekompetanse er at begrepet kan oppfattes som vagt og upresist. Riktig anvendelse forutsetter dermed at helsepersonell har tilstrekkelig kunnskap om hvordan vilkåret skal forstås. Innføringen av vilkåret innebærer en omvelting av vurderingen av om tvungent psykisk helsevern skal kunne etableres eller opprettholdes. Ytterligere har vilkåret ført til endringer for vurderingen av de øvrige vilkårene i bestemmelsen. Blant annet har vi vist at behandlingsvilkåret ikke vil kunne komme til anvendelse overfor en samtykkekompetent person. Dette innebærer at pasienter som innehar sin samtykkekompetanse og som er til fare for egen helse ikke lenger vil kunne tvangsinnlegges etter &amp;sect; 3-3.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019-08-01T23:47:42Z</style></accession-num><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsinnleggelse, TUD, Juss</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Torkil Berge</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kjersti Sunniva Bjøntegård</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Petter Ekern</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Martin Furan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nils Inge Landrø</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grete J. Sølvberg Larsen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kåre Osnes</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Inger Selvaag</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anne Helene Vedlog</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coercive mental health care – dilemmas in the decision-making process</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsinnleggelser</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvungent psykisk helsevern</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">08/2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://tidsskriftet.no/en/2018/08/originalartikkel/coercive-mental-health-care-dilemmas-decision-making-process</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;h3&gt;BACKGROUND&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;The use of coercive mental health care contravenes the principle of voluntary examination and treatment. However, it should be possible for persons at acute risk to receive imperative health assistance.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;MATERIAL AND METHOD&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;After evaluating 37 emergency interviews in psychiatric outpatient clinics where the use of coercive mental health care was considered, interviews were conducted with psychiatric triage clinicians.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;RESULTS&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;The study includes interviews that resulted in involuntary hospitalisation (n = 15), coerced observation (n = 2), voluntary hospitalisation (n = 14) and follow-up by the outpatient clinic (n = 6). Important factors in assessing the use of coercion were the severity of psychotic symptoms, suicide risk and risk for others, and difficult social circumstances. Three-quarters of psychiatric triage clinicians were in some degree of doubt, and 16 out of 37 experienced uneasiness during the assessment. With a view to enhancing the patient&amp;rsquo;s perception of having been met with respect, the triage clinicians emphasised the need for the patient&amp;rsquo;s opinion to be heard. Where the triage clinicians were in doubt, a number of professional and ethical issues were highlighted in the process of reaching a decision.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;DISCUSSION&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;Latitude should be given for ethical and professional reflection in relation to assessing the use of coercion in daily clinical practice, as well as training in measures to reinforce patients&amp;rsquo; experience of participation during the interview.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tvangsinnleggelse</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stuen, HK</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Landheim, A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rugkåsa, J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wynn, R</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">How clinicians make decisions about CTOs in ACT: a qualitative study</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">International Journal of  Mental Health Systems</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ACT</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Community Treatment Order</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CTO</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11/2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://ijmhs.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13033-018-0230-2</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;h3&gt;BACKGROUND:&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;The first 12 Norwegian assertive community treatment (ACT) teams were piloted from 2009 to 2011. Of the 338 patients included during the teams&amp;#39; first year of operation, 38% were subject to community treatment orders (CTOs). In Norway as in many other Western countries, the use of CTOs is relatively high despite lack of robust evidence for their effectiveness. The purpose of the present study was to explore how responsible clinicians reason and make decisions about the&amp;nbsp;continued use of CTOs, recall to hospital and the&amp;nbsp;discontinuation of CTOs within an ACT setting.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h4&gt;METHODS:&lt;/h4&gt;&lt;p&gt;Semi-structured interviews with eight responsible clinicians combined with patient case files and observations of treatment planning meetings. The data were analysed using a modified grounded theory approach.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h4&gt;RESULTS:&lt;/h4&gt;&lt;p&gt;The participants emphasized that being part of a multidisciplinary team with shared caseload responsibility that provides intensive services over long periods of time allowed for more nuanced assessments and more flexible treatment solutions on CTOs. The treatment criterion was typically used to justify the need for CTO. There was substantial variation in the responsible clinicians&amp;#39; legal interpretation of dangerousness, and some clinicians applied the dangerousness criterion more than others.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h4&gt;CONCLUSIONS:&lt;/h4&gt;&lt;p&gt;According to the clinicians, many patients subject to CTOs were referred from hospitals and high security facilities, and decisions regarding the continuation of CTOs typically involved multiple and interacting risk factors. While patients&amp;#39; need for treatment was most often applied to justify the need for CTOs, in some cases the&amp;nbsp;use of CTOs was described as a tool to contain dangerousness and prevent harm.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">51</style></issue><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TUD</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>34</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Natalie Christine Simensen</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hvilke organisatoriske trekk er forbundet med redusert risiko for bruk av mekaniske tvangsmidler i det psykiske helsevernet</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mekaniske tvangsmidler</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Psykisk helsevern</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">06/2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://hdl.handle.net/1956/17776</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Universitetet i Bergen, Det psykologiske fakultet</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bergen</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Gjennom årene har det vært fokus på overdreven bruk av tvangsmidler i det psykiske helsevernet. Denne praksisen utfordrer menneskerettighetene, og helsepolitiske mål er å redusere denne praksisen. Denne litteraturgjennomgangen har til hensikt å undersøke hvilke organisatoriske trekk som kan bidra til redusert bruk av mekaniske tvangsmidler. Ti studier ble inkludert. Studiene ser på organisatoriske trekk og mekaniske tvangsmidler, eller organisatoriske trekk og &amp;laquo;seclusion&amp;raquo; og &amp;laquo;restraint&amp;raquo;. Flere organisatoriske faktorer ble identifisert. De mest studerte trekkene for å redusere bruk av tvangsmidler er, lederskapets betydning for implementering av programmer, kultur, arbeidsmiljø, bemanning, utdanningsnivå og opplæring. Lokalbaserte tiltak med sterkt lederskap som har fokus på å reduser bruk av tvangsmidler fører til slik reduksjon. Det framkommer likevel ingen &amp;laquo;best practice&amp;raquo; og &amp;laquo;guidlines&amp;raquo;. Videre forskning på faktorer i avdelingene som bidrar til å forstå hvorfor aggresjon oppstår og hvordan aggresjon kan forebygges bør prioriteres.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsmidler</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stuen, HK</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Landheim, A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rugkåsa, J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wynn, R</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Responsibilities with conflicting priorities: a qualitative study of ACT providers' experiences with community treatment orders</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BMC Health Services Research (Open Access)</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ACT</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Community Treatment Order</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">04/2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://bmchealthservres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12913-018-3097-7</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">290</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;h4&gt;BACKGROUND:&lt;/h4&gt;&lt;p&gt;Patients with severe mental illness may be subjected to Community Treatment Orders (CTOs) in order to secure that the patients adhere to treatment. Few studies have investigated the use of CTOs within an Assertive Community Treatment (ACT) setting, and little is known about how the tension between the patients&amp;#39; autonomy and the clinicians&amp;#39; responsibility to act in the patients&amp;#39; best interest are resolved in practice. The aim of this study was to explore the service providers&amp;#39; experiences with CTOs within an ACT setting.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h4&gt;METHODS:&lt;/h4&gt;&lt;p&gt;The study was based on reviews of case files of 15 patients, eight individual qualitative in depth interviews and four focus group interviews with service providers involved in ACT and decisions related to CTOs. A modified grounded theory approach was used to analyze the data.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h4&gt;RESULTS:&lt;/h4&gt;&lt;p&gt;The main theme &amp;#39;responsibility with conflicting priorities&amp;#39; emerged from data analysis (case file reviews, individual interviews and focus group interviews). The balance between coercive approaches and the emphasis on promoting patient autonomy was seen as problematic. The participants saw few alternatives to CTOs as long-term measures to secure ongoing treatment for some of the patients. However, participants perceived the ACT model&amp;#39;s comprehensive scope as an opportunity to build rapport with patients and thereby better meet their needs. The team approach, the ACT providers&amp;#39; commitment to establish supportive relationships and the frequent meetings with patients in their home environment were highlighted. The ACT approach gave them insight into patients&amp;#39; everyday lives and, in some cases a greater sense of security when considering whether to take patients off CTOs.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h4&gt;CONCLUSIONS:&lt;/h4&gt;&lt;p&gt;Many of the participants viewed CTOs as helpful in securing long-term treatment for patients. CTO decision-making was described as challenging and complex and presented the providers with many dilemmas. The ACT approach was considered as helpful in that it afforded comprehensive, patient-centered support and opportunities to build rapport.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TUD</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>32</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Edel J Svendsen</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Restraint during medical procedures in hospitalized children : an exploratory study</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Universitetet i Oslo</style></publisher><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">978-82-8377-204-3</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsbehandling, Tvangsmidler</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>34</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Souri, Solaf</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rettslig regulering av tvang i psykisk helsevern overfor pasienter med spiseforstyrrelser</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">anorexia nervosa</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">spiseforstyrrelse</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsbehandling</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">08/2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.duo.uio.no/bitstream/handle/10852/62560/1/684-.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">UiO, Det juridiske fakultet</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oslo</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Sammendrag finnes ikke&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Master thesis</style></work-type><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsbehandling</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aslak Syse</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Store endringer i psykisk helsevernloven</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tidsskrift for psykisk helsearbeid</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">juss</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Psykisk helsevernloven</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Samtykkekompetanse</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.idunn.no/tph/2018/02-03/store_endringer_i_psykisk_helsevernloven</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Kritisk gjennomgang av psykisk helsevernloven, med fokus på lovendringen som trådte i kraft i 2017&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">02-03</style></issue><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">236</style></section><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Etikk, Juss</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jorun Rugkåsa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Olav Nyttingnes</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tone Breines Simonsen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jūratė Šaltytė Benth</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bjørn Lau</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Henriette Riley</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maria Løvsletteng</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tore Buer Christensen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ann-Torunn Andersen Austegard</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Georg Høyer</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The use of outpatient commitment in Norway: Who are the patients and what does it involve?</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coercion</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Community psychiatry</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Community Treatment Order</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Outpatient commitment</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160252718301900</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;div&gt;Purpose&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Despite one of the longest histories of using Outpatient Commitment (OC), little is known about the use in the Norwegian context. Reporting from the Norwegian Outpatient Commitment Study, this article aims to: establish the profile of the OC population in Norway; ascertain the legal justification for the use of OC and what OC involves for patients; investigate possible associations between selected patient and service characteristics and duration of OC, and; explore potential differences based on gender or rurality.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Methods&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;A retrospective multi-site study, extracting data from the medical records of all patients on OC in six large regional hospitals in 2008&amp;ndash;12, with detailed investigation over 36 months of the subsample of patients on first ever OC-order in 2008&amp;ndash;09. We use descriptive statistics to establish the profile of the OC population and the legal justification for and the content of OC, and logistic regression to examine factors associated with duration of OC over 36 months.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Results&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;1414 patients were on OC over the 5 years, and 274 had their first OC in 2008&amp;ndash;09. The sample included more men than woman, and three-quarters were diagnosed with schizophrenia. They had long service histories, including involuntary admissions. The legal justification for all OC-orders was the need for treatment, and 18% were additionally justified by dangerousness. The option to initiate OC directly from the community was not used in any of the 274 first ever OC-orders. While 98% of patients were prescribed psychotropic medication, under half had an Involuntary Treatment Order, which under the Norwegian OC regime is required in addition to the OC-order to oblige patients to accept treatment (usually medication). 60% of patients had &amp;ge;2 clinical contacts monthly. There were some gender differences in descriptive analyses with men generally being worse off, but no clear pattern in terms of rurality. Patients in the sample had been on OC between one week and 20 years. The median duration of OC over 36 months was 365 days. Three factors contributed to longer duration: the use of the dangerousness criterion; a diagnosis of schizophrenia disorder, and; considerable problems with substance abuse.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Conclusion&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;The characteristics of the OC population in Norway are very similar to that reported in other jurisdictions. Medication seems to be the central focus of OC, yet additional Involuntary Treatment Orders are imposed for less than half of patients. While all OC-orders were justified by the need to ensure treatment, risk seems to be a concern for a subgroup of patients who are kept on for longer. How the 2017 amendment to the mental health act, which precludes compulsion for competent patients unless danger is present, will affect OC use, remains to be seen. Further studies should specifically focus on variation in the use of OC, including at the level of individual clinicians.&lt;/div&gt;</style></abstract><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TUD</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>34</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Emilie Storli</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vi bruker jo ikke tvang for å straffe noen</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Universitet i Oslo</style></publisher><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Det rettslige utgangspunktet for behandling i norsk helsevesen er at den skal være frivillig og basert på informert samtykke. Lovverket åpner derimot opp for unntak fra denne generelle hovedregelen, der man i psykisk helsevern kan fatte vedtak om behandling under tvang, med de menneskerettslige betenkeligheter det medfører. På verdensbasis ligger Norge generelt høyt på tvangsstatistikken, der frihetsberøvelse gjennom psykiatri har ført Norge på Europa-toppen i tvangsbruk. Et konsistent funn i forskning på tvangsbruk viser at det er forskjeller mellom relativt sammenlignbare avdelinger, sykehus, og geografiske områder på mengde og type tvang de benytter. Norsk senter for menneskerettigheter sier de er bekymret over høye tall på tvangsbruk, og stiller spørsmål ved om myndighetene sikrer at mennesker med psykiske diagnoser &amp;laquo;får et tilstrekkelig vern mot ulovlig tvangsbruk i tråd med Norges menneskerettslige forpliktelser&amp;raquo;. Tvangsbruk i psykiatrien har i en historisk kontekst vært gjennom en nærmest konstant debatt. Helsepersonells utøvelse av tvang ble gjenstand for kritikk som vekker assosiasjoner til å problematisere ikke-jurister som rettsanvendere. Fra forskning på tvangsfeltet ser det ut til at en vanlig antakelse er at helsepersonells holdninger (til tvang) påvirker helsepersonellets (tvangsutøvende) atferd, og det er foreslått at dette har innvirkning på hvor mye tvang som utøves. I lys av tidligere forskning og kritikken av tvangsbruk i Norge, er denne studiens undersøkende problemstilling: Hva er helsepersonell ved psykiatriske avdelinger sine holdninger til, kunnskap om, og erfaring med, bruk av makt og tvang? Problemstillingen besvares med diskursanalyse, der helsepersonells diskurser om bruk av makt og tvang i skal analyseres med institusjonskritiske teorier av Michel Foucault, Erving Goffman og Yngvar Løchen i et rettssosiologisk perspekt. Rettsosiologi kan kort defineres som beskrivelse og analysering av retten i samfunnet, hvorav denne oppgaven forstår psykiatrien som en rettslig samfunnsinstitusjon, og psykiske lidelser og tvang som rettsliggjorte fenomener. Til innsamling av data har oppgaven benyttet et semsitrukturert intervju med seks helsepersonell, og intervjuene ble analysert med Carla Willigs Foucaultinspirerte diskursanalyse. Funnene viser at informantene konstruerer holdninger til, kunnskap om, og erfaring med bruk av tvang og makt i ulike diskurser innenfor to temaer. Analyse og drøfting av de viser at alle diskursene kan forstås i lys av det perspektivet som tilsynelatende har hegemoni innenfor dagens psykiatriske praksis, hvilket får betydning for måten oppgaven forstår rettsliggjøringen av psykiatri.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsbehandling, Tvangsinnleggelse, Tvangsmidler, Erfaringsbaserte</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>36</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tor Egil Viblemo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aslak Syse</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fredrik Ellingsen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leif Oscar Olsen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sunniva-Bragdø-Ellenes</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evaluering av kvaliteten på tvangsvedtak</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Etikk</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">filosof</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">juss</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oxfordresearch.no/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/Evaluering-av-tvangsvedtak.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oxford Research AS</style></publisher><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Regjeringen oppnevnte i juni 2016 et lovutvalg som skal utrede behov for endringer i tvangslovgivningen i helse- og omsorgssektoren (Tvangslovutvalget).1 De sentrale reglene om bruk av tvang i helseog omsorgssektoren er samlet i fire regelsett; psykisk helsevernloven, pasient- og brukerrettighetsloven kapittel 4A (tvungen somatisk helsehjelp til blant annet demente), helse- og omsorgstjenestelovens kapittel 9 (tvang overfor psykisk utviklingshemmede) og kapittel 10 (tvangstiltak overfor rusmiddelavhengige). Dette gjør reglene uoversiktlige for både pasienter og behandlere. De nevnte regelsettene skal sikre forsvarlige tjenester til pasienter og brukere, og trekker grensen mellom lovlig og ulovlig tvang. Det er krav om at andre løsninger skal være prøvd før helse- og omsorgstjenesten vurderer bruk av tvang. Når det er nødvendig å bruke tvang, skal helse- og omsorgstjenesten ta beslutninger om tvangsbruk i tråd med loven. Internkontrollen skal sikre at tjenestene på området er i samsvar med gjeldende lover og forskrifter. Formålet med dette evalueringsoppdraget er å undersøke og evaluere kvaliteten på tvangsvedtak. Oppdraget omfatter en undersøkelse og evaluering av kvaliteten på vedtak fattet av kontrollkommisjonene, fylkesmennene og fylkesnemndene. Evalueringen er avgrenset til vedtak fattet av de respektive klageog overprøvingsinstansene. Oppdraget er todelt: En vedtaksanalyse og en spørreundersøkelse. Vedtaksanalysen har fokus på kvaliteten i begrunnelsen av vedtakene sett opp mot kravene i lov og andre rettsregler. Oppdraget omfatter ikke en materiell vurdering av om lovens vilkår for tvang er oppfylt i den enkelte sak. Spørreundersøkelsen har et videre fokus enn vedtakskvalitet (begrunnelsen i vedtakene) og vi har innhentet utfyllende informasjon om saksbehandlingen hos henholdsvis kontrollkommisjonene, fylkesmennene og fylkesnemndene. Oppdragets tidsperiode er juli 2017 til 31. desember 2017. Ved endringslov 10. februar 2017 nr. 6 ble det vedtatt en rekke endringer i psykisk helsevernlovens tvangsbestemmelser. Særlig viktige var endringer i phvl. kap. 3 og kap. 4. Disse endringene trådte i kraft 1. september 2017. Effekten av disse lovendringene avspeiles derfor ikke i den foreliggende undersøkelsen idet alle de undersøkte vedtakene er fattet i 2015 og 2016, dvs. før disse lovendringene ble vedtatt.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Etikk, Juss</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lars Henrik Myklebust</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Knut Sørgaard</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rolf Wynn</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">How mental health service systems are organized may affect the rate of acute admissions to specialized care: Report from a natural experiment involving 5338 admissions</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SAGE Open Medicine</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsinnleggelse</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>32</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marius Storvik</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rettslig vern av pasienters integritet i psykisk helsevern</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Universitetet i Tromsø</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tromsø, Norge</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PhD i rettvitenskap</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Etikk, Juss</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>34</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mari Aspaas Skjegstad</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bruk av tvang etter psykisk helsevernloven § 3-3 overfor personer med alvorlig spiseforstyrrelse - En analyse av grunnvilkåret &quot;alvorlig sinnslidelse&quot; med særlig fokus på Rt. 2015 s. 913</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">høyesterett</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">rettslig grunnlag</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">spiseforstyrrelse</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsbehandling</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tvangsernæring</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsinnleggelse</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://bora.uib.no/bora-xmlui/bitstream/handle/1956/15448/152862895.pdf?sequence=1&amp;isAllowed=y</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">UiB, juridisk fakultet</style></publisher><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;I det følgende vil det ses nærmere på de materielle vilkår i psykisk helsevernloven &amp;sect; 3-3 nr.3. Hovedvekten av analysen vil gå på grunnvilkåret &amp;laquo;alvorlig sinnslidelse&amp;raquo;, hvordan dette skal forstås og i hvilken grad vilkåret omfatter pasienter med alvorlig spiseforstyrrelse. For å gjennomføre denne analysen vil alminnelige juridiske kilder anvendes.7 Det vil særlig ses på forarbeider til psykisk helsevernloven, retningslinjer og rundskriv rundt temaet spiseforstyrrelser og tvang, samt relevant rettspraksis. Høyesterett avsa i 2015 en dom om spiseforstyrrelser og tvungent psykisk helsevern, som har fått stor betydning da det er den første Høyesterettsdommen som drøfter dette tema. Dommen inntatt i Rt. 2015 s. 913 vil derfor bli gjennomgått grundig i denne oppgaven, se punkt 3.2. Rettskildebildet for øvrig vil bli omtalt under punkt 3 flg.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mastergradsoppgave</style></work-type><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">etikk</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stensrud, B.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hoyer, G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Beston, G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Granerud, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Landheim, A. S.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&quot;Care or control?&quot;: a qualitative study of staff experiences with outpatient commitment orders</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26873613</style></url></web-urls></urls><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0933-7954</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TUD, Erfaringsbaserte</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Irene Syse</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reidun Førde</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reidar Pedersen</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clinical ethics committees – also for mental health care? The Norwegian experience</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clinical Ethics</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2-3</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Etikk</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Karin Drivenes</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stein Bergan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oddvar Sæther</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Drug therapy among patients subject to outpatient compulsory mental health care</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">European Journal for Person centered healthcare</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">(tilgjengelig ved karin.drivenes@sshf.no)</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://ubplj.org/index.php/ejpch/article/view/1052/1052</style></url></web-urls></urls><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">38</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TUD</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>32</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bjørn Stensrud</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Experiences with outpatient commitment orders from the perspectives of patients, relatives and staff - A qualitative study</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Helsevitenskapelig fakultet</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">27.10.2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://hdl.handle.net/10037/9877</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Universitetet i Tromsø</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tromsø, Norge</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PhD i helsevitenskap</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Doktorgradsavhandling</style></work-type><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TUD, Erfaringsbaserte</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hanne Clausen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Torleif Ruud</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sigrun Odden</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">JūratėŠaltytė Benth</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kristin Sverdvik Heiervang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hanne Kilen Stuen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Helen Killaspy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Robert E. Drake</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anne Landheim</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hospitalisation of severely mentally ill patients with and without problematic substance use before and during Assertive Community Treatment: an observational cohort study</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BMC Psychiatry</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsinnleggelse</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>34</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Helene Sørland</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mani som fenomen og grensesetting som metode: En systematisk litteraturstudie</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">bipolar</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">grensesetting</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mani</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">miljøterapi</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Skjerming</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sykepleie</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://ntnuopen.ntnu.no/ntnu-xmlui/bitstream/handle/11250/2415890/S%c3%b8rland%2c%20H.%202016.pdf?sequence=1&amp;isAllowed=y</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">NTNU, Institutt for helsevitenskap</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ålesund</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Hensikt: Belyse hvordan sykepleier kan utøve grensesetting på en terapeutisk måte. Grensesettingen er rettet mot maniske pasienters nedsatte impulskontroll og destruktive atferd. Metode: Oppgaven er basert på en systematisk litteraturstudie. Det er utført søk i nasjonale og internasjonale databaser for perioden 2005 til 2016. Innholdsanalyse ble utført med bakgrunn i ti inkluderte studier - åtte kvalitative- og to review studier. Resultat: Fire hovedkategorier ble identifisert: 1) Etablere en relasjon, 2) Utøve grensesetting, 3) Skjerming, 4) Å arbeide i team. Å etablere en terapeutisk allianse basert på tillit, tilstedeværelse og respekt omtales som en forutsetning for å lykkes med grensesetting. Tilnærmingen basert på anerkjennelse omtales som hensiktsmessig, men viser seg å kombineres med en mer korrigerende tilnærming. Skjerming og bruk av tvang utgjør et spenningsforhold mellom behandling og kontroll med stort behov for etisk refleksjon. Støtte, tillit og god kommunikasjon mellom kollegaer er viktig for å håndtere krevende situasjoner som aggressiv atferd og bruk av tvang. Konklusjon: Skal sykepleier kunne ivareta pasientens integritet i situasjonen, handler det i stor grad om å korrigere atferden på en anerkjennende måte. Essensielt er å etablere en terapeutisk allianse basert på samarbeid, ikke minst å fremtre rolig, konsistent og respektfullt. En aktiv og bevisst refleksjonsprosess omkring personalets tilnærmingsmetoder er nødvendig for å forstå pasientens atferd, konsekvenser av praksis samt for å kunne vurdere forbedringspotensial og alternative tilnærmingsmetoder.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Purpose: To illuminate how a nurse can exert limit setting in a therapeutic way. The limit setting is directed toward manic patient&amp;#39;s reduced impulse control and destructive behaviour. Method: This thesis is based on a systematic study of literature. Searches has been performed in national and international databases for the period between 2006 and 2016. Content analysis was performed based on ten included studies - eight qualitative and two review studies. Result: Four major categories were identified: 1) Establishing a relationship, 2) Exerting limit setting, 3) &amp;quot;Open-area seclusion&amp;quot; 4) Teamwork. Establishing a therapeutic alliance based on trust, presence and respect is referred to as a prerequisite for successful limit setting. An approach based on recognition is referred to as appropriate, but tends to be combined with a corrective approach. &amp;quot;Open-area seclusion&amp;quot; and use of force constitute a tension between treatment and control and demand a large degree of ethical reflection. Support, trust and good communication between colleagues is essential when dealing with difficult situations such as aggressive behaviour and use of force. Conclusion: For a nurse to be able to safeguard a patient&amp;#39;s integrity in a situation it is important to correct unwanted behaviour in an appreciative manner. It is essential to establish a therapeutic alliance based on cooperation and above all to appear calm, consistent and respectful. 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Helsearbeideres vurderinger ved etablering av tvungent psykisk helsevern</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">faglig ansvarlig</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">farekriteriet</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">sykdomsinnsikt</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsinnleggelse</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvungent vern</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">vurderinger</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">§3-3</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://himolde.brage.unit.no/himolde-xmlui/bitstream/handle/11250/153346/master_saeter.pdf?sequence=1&amp;isAllowed=y</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Høgskolen i Molde, master i helse- og sosialfag</style></publisher><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Oppgaven er delt i to deler, introduksjonskapittel og artikkel. Introduksjonskapittelet gir en utvidet bakgrunn for teori og metode som er benyttet i artikkelen. Problemstillingen er: &amp;gt;. Hensikten er å identifisere faktorer i forbindelse med vurdering av tvungent psykisk helsevern (TPH). Metoden som ble benyttet var fokusgruppeintervjuer, i alt tre grupper med til sammen 17 deltagere. Resultatene viser at helsearbeiderne oppgir farekriteriet som den viktigste årsaken til TPH. Relasjon til pasient, å ta avgjørelsen sammen med andre, blamering samt kunnskap og erfaring er viktige elementer i vurderingene. Faktorer som deltagerne mente kan føre til TPH er manglende sykdomsinnsikt, for sen inngripen, mangelfull oppfølging pga for lite ressurser og manglende erfaring, kunnskap og kjennskap til pasient. Momenter som kan forhindre tvang er tidlig pasientkontakt, godt samarbeid, tett oppfølging i en periode, vurdere sammen med andre og kunnskap, erfaring og kjennskap til pasient. Holdningene til tvang generelt var positive forutsatt riktig bruk. Til sist ble samarbeid og kommunikasjon fremhevet som viktig for god pasientbehandling. Studien viser hva helsearbeiderne i dette studiet er opptatt ved vurdering av TPH, men det er behov for mer forskning på dette området. Nøkkelord: Tvungent psykisk helsevern, vurdering og fokusgruppe.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Summary&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;This study is divided into two parts, an introduction chapter and an article. The introduction chapter provides an extended background of theory and method used in the article. The research question is: &amp;gt;.The purpose of the study is to identify critical factors in the assessments made by health care professionals upon the establishment of Compulsory Mental Health Treatment (CMHT). The method employs focus group interviews, consisting of three groups with a total of 17 participants. The results show that health care professionals state high risk as the main criteria for CMHT. The relation to the patient, sharing the decision-making with others, shameful behavior, knowledge and experience are also part of the assessments. Factors that may lead to CMHT are lacking disease insight, delayed intervention, undersupplied follow-ups due to scarce resources and lacking experience, knowledge and patient acquaintance. Elements that may prevent compulsory measures are early onset of patient contact, a good collaboration, frequent follow-ups and monitoring for a period, assessments made together with other professionals, and adequate experience, knowledge and patient acquaintance. The attitudes towards compulsory measures were generally positive, provided that it used correctly. Finally, teamwork and communication were promoted as significant to proper patient treatment. 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