<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>36</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brodie Paterson</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">James Taylor</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michael Bell</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ian McIntosh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Christopher Stirling</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reframing human rights-based approaches to the misuse of restraint. A binary approach is needed</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMAN RIGHTS IN HEALTHCARE</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dignity</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">06/2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Viewpoint</style></work-type></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stylianidis, Stelios</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Geogarca, Eugenie</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peppou, Evangelia Lily</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arvaniti, Aikaterini</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Samakouri, Maria</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MANE group</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Involuntary psychiatric hospitalizations in Greece: Contemporary research and policy implications</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Psychiatriki Quarterly Journal of the Hellenic Psychiatric Association </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">human rights.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Involuntary psychiatric hospitalization</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">law implementation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mental health care practices</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.psychiatriki-journal.gr/documents/psychiatry/34.3-EN-2023-204.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">34</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Involuntary psychiatric hospitalization is a contested issue in mental health care provision. Despite indications of very high rates of involuntary hospitalizations in Greece, no valid national statistical data has been collected. After reviewing current research on involuntary hospitalizations in Greece, the paper introduces the Study of Involuntary Hospitalizations in Greece (MANE), a multi-center national study of the rates, process, determinants and outcome of involuntary hospitalizations, conducted in the regions of Attica, Thessaloniki, and Alexandroupolis, from 2017 to 2020, and presents some preliminary comparative findings regarding the rates and process of involuntary hospitalizations. There is a major difference in the rates of involuntary hospitalizations between Alexandroupolis (around 25%) and Athens and Thessaloniki (over 50%), which is possibly related to the sectorized organization of mental health services in Alexandroupolis and to the benefits of not covering a metropolitan urban area. There is a significantly larger percentage of involuntary admissions that end in involuntary hospitalization in Attica and Thessaloniki compared to Alexandroupolis. Reversely, of those accessing the emergency departments voluntarily, almost everyone is admitted in Athens, while large percentages are not admitted in Thessaloniki and in Alexandroupolis. A significantly higher percentage of patients were formally referred upon discharge in Alexandroupolis compared to Athens and Thessaloniki. This may be due to increased continuity of care in Alexandroupolis and that might explain the low rates of involuntary hospitalization there. Finally, re-hospitalization rates were very high in all the study centers, demonstrating the revolving-door phenomenon, especially for voluntary hospitalizations. The MANE project came to address the gap in the national recording of involuntary hospitalizations, by implementing, for the first time, a coordinated monitoring of involuntary hospitalizations in three regions of the country with different characteristics, so that a picture of involuntary hospitalizations can be drawn at national level. The project contributes to raising awareness of this issue at the level of national health policy and to formulating strat&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>6</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lickiewicz, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Piotrowicz, K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Makara-Studzińska, M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Colin R.Martin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Victor R. Preedy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vinood B. Patel</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Handbook of Anger, Aggression, and Violence</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007/978-3-030-98711-4_65-1#chapter-info</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Springer Cham</style></publisher><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2480</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">978-3-030-98711-4</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;ul data-component=&quot;data-book-show-more&quot; data-test=&quot;unique-selling-points&quot; id=&quot;unique-selling-points&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;A detailed overview of the emotional, physical, and social implications of anger, aggression, and violence&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Covers a range of aggressive behaviors&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Includes Translational aspects: Applications of the material, Key Facts, Summary Points and Case studies&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jaakko Varpula</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maritta Välimäki,</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johanna Pulkkinen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tella Lantta</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Patient Falls in Seclusion Rooms in Psychiatric Inpatient Care: A Sociotechnical Probabilistic Risk Modeling Study</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Nursing Care Quality</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">accidental falls</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">hospital psychiatric department</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">inpatients</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">patient safety</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">risk assessment</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9944373/pdf/jncqu-38-190.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ABSTRACT Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Patient falls are a major adverse event in psychiatric inpatient care. Purpose: To model the risk for patient falls in seclusion rooms in psychiatric inpatient care.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Sociotechnical probabilistic risk assessment (ST-PRA) was used to model the risk for falls. Data sources were the research team, literature review, and exploration groups of psychiatric nurses. Data were analyzed with fault tree analysis.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results&lt;/strong&gt;: The risk for a patient fall in a seclusion room was 1.8%. Critical paths included diagnosis of a psychiatric disorder, the mechanism of falls, failure to assess and prevent falls, and psychological or physical reason. The most significant individual risk factor for falls was diagnosis of schizophrenia.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;Falls that occur in seclusion events are associated with physical and psychological risk factors. Therefore, risk assessment methods and fall prevention interventions considering patient behavioral disturbance and physiological risk factors in seclusion are warranted.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>34</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ola Trygve Polden</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hvordan skape en terapeutisk allianse til en pasient i psykose innlagt på tvang i akuttpsykiatrien?</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">acute psychiatry</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">akuttpsykiatri</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">authenticity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Autonomi</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">autonomy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coercion</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ekthet</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">psychosis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">psykose</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">respect</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">respekt</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Terapeutisk allianse</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Therapeutic alliance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tillitt</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">trust</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tvang</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsinnleggelse</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://ntnuopen.ntnu.no/ntnu-xmlui/bitstream/handle/11250/2783486/no.ntnu%3ainspera%3a81471222%3a5122356.pdf?sequence=1&amp;isAllowed=y</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">NTNU, Fakultet for medisin og helsevitenskap, Institutt for psykisk helse</style></publisher><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Tittel: Hvordan skape en terapeutisk allianse til en pasient i psykose innlagt på tvang i akuttpsykiatrien?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Hensikt: Finne svar på hvordan man kan skape en terapeutisk allianse til en pasient i psykose innlagt på tvang i akuttpsykiatrien.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Metode: Utført en litteraturstudie, hvor jeg har funnet relevant teori og forskning for å hjelpe meg med å besvare min problemstilling. Har i tillegg nevnt egne erfaringer i fra praksisstudier.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Resultat: I resultatet fra forskningsartiklene jeg fant var det tre områder som gikk igjen i forskningen og som jeg mente var sentrale for å kunne inngå en terapeutisk allianse til en pasient.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;- Etablere tillitt mellom pasient og helsepersonell&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;- Pasientens autonomi under tvangsinnleggelse&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;- Ekthet og respekt i relasjoner, se mennesket utover diagnosen&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Konklusjon: I denne oppgaven kom jeg ikke frem til en tydelig og klar konklusjon på min problemstilling. Det finnes nok ingen fasitsvar på hvordan man kan skape en terapeutisk allianse til en pasient i psykose innlagt på tvang i akuttpsykiatrien. Som helsepersonell bør allikevel det å bygge en relasjon og inngå terapeutiske allianser alltid være noe å strekke seg etter i møte med pasienter.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Abstract&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Title: How to create a therapeutic alliance with a patient in psychosis forcibly admitted to acute psychiatry?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Purpose: Find answers on how to create a therapeutic alliance for a patient in psychosis admitted to compulsory psychiatric treatment.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Method: Conducted a literature study, where I have found relevant theory and research to help me answer my problem. I have also mentioned my own experiences from practical studies.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Result: In the results from the research articles I found, there were three areas that recurred in the research which I thought were central to being able create a therapetic alliance.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;- Establish trust between patient and healthcare professionals.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;- The patient`s autonomy during involuntary hospitalization.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;- Authenticity and respect in relationships, see the person beyond the diagnosis.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Conclusion: In this thesis i did not come to a clear and distinct conclusion to my problem. There is probably no definitive answer on how to create a therapeutic alliance to a patient in psychosis who is forcibly admitted to acute psychiatry. However, as a healthcare professional, building a relationship and creating a therapeutic alliance should always be something to strive for in meeting patients.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bacheloroppgave</style></work-type><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsinnleggelse</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Torleif Ruud</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Espen Woldsengen Haugom</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Harold Alan Pincus</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Torfinn Hynnekleiv</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Measuring Seclusion in Psychiatric Intensive Care: Development and Measurement Properties of the Clinical Seclusion Checklist</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Frontiers in Psychiatry</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">checklist</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Måling</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">measurement</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seclusion</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">sjekkliste</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Skjerming</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12/2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.768500/full</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;Acute psychiatric units in general hospitals must ensure that acutely disturbed patients do not harm themselves or others, and simultaneously provide care and treatment and help patients regain control of their behavior. This led to the development of strategies for the seclusion of a patient in this state within a particular area separated from other patients in the ward. While versions of this practice have been used in different countries and settings, a systematic framework for describing the various parameters and types of seclusion interventions has not been available. The aims of the project were to develop and test a valid and reliable checklist for characterizing seclusion in inpatient psychiatric care.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;Development and testing of the checklist were accomplished in five stages. Staff in psychiatric units completed detailed descriptions of seclusion episodes. Elements of seclusion were identified by thematic analysis of this material, and consensus regarding these elements was achieved through a Delphi process comprising two rounds. Good content validity was ensured through the sample of seclusion episodes and the representative participants in the Delphi process. The first draft of the checklist was revised based on testing by clinicians assessing seclusion episodes. The revised checklist with six reasons for and 10 elements of seclusion was tested with different response scales, and acceptable interrater reliability was achieved.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;The Clinical Seclusion Checklist is a brief and feasible tool measuring six reasons for seclusion, 10 elements of seclusion, and four contextual factors. It was developed through a transparent process and exhibited good content validity and acceptable interrater reliability.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;The checklist is a step toward achieving valid and clinically relevant measurements of seclusion. Its use in psychiatric units may contribute to quality assurance, more reliable statistics and comparisons across sites and periods, improved research on patients&amp;#39; experiences of seclusion and its effects, reduction of negative consequences of seclusion, and improvement of psychiatric intensive care.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tvangsmidler</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marius Prytz</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Karina Harkestad</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marius Veseth</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jone Bjornestad</style></author></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&quot;It's not a life of war and conflict&quot;: experienced therapists' views on negotiating a therapeutic alliance in involuntary treatment</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ann Gen Psychiatry</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Involuntary</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Therapeutic-alliance</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">06/2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;h4&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:11.0pt&quot;&gt;Background: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;&lt;p&gt;Working alliances are considered to be essential to treatment, and they represent a robust predictor of positive treatment outcomes. In a working alliance, a patient and therapist agree upon treatment decisions, which can raise a series of challenges when patients are in involuntary treatment. The aim of this study was to research how therapists experience negotiating a working alliance with patients with serious mental illnesses who are subjected to coercive treatment.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h4&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:11.0pt&quot;&gt;Methods: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;&lt;p&gt;Using a qualitative approach, we conducted 10 semi-structured interviews with experienced therapists in a Norwegian mental health care setting. Transcripts were analysed using a team-based thematic analysis method.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h4&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:11.0pt&quot;&gt;Results: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;&lt;p&gt;Two interrelated major themes and five sub-themes were identified: (1) between coercion and care; (a) the ease of coercion, (b) the paradox of autonomy, and (c) the coercion as care; and (2) imperative treatment and interpersonal dilemmas; (a) this is happening between us and (b) when we do not meet in the middle.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h4&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:11.0pt&quot;&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;&lt;p&gt;We conclude that the therapists exhibited a will to consider their patients&amp;#39; goals and methods, but only when they were in agreement, and they ultimately made treatment decisions themselves. Further, patient autonomy seems to come second in therapist assessments of needs for care; consequently, we question to what degree the working alliance as a defined concept of mutual agreement is present in the involuntary treatment we investigated.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">18:9</style></issue><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsbehandling, Tvangsinnleggelse, Tvangsmidler</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tonje Lossius Husum</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marit Helene Hem</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reidar Pedersen</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">En studie av synet på etiske utfordringer relatert til arbeid med bruk av tvang hos ansatte i psykiske helsetjenester</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Etikk</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">helsepersonell</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">psykiske helsetjenester</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tvang</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year></dates><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Senter for medisinsk etikk ved universitetet i Oslo har gjennomført en nettbasert spørreundersøkelse av helsepersonells erfaringer med etiske utfordringer, tvang og krenkelser innen psykiske helsetjenester. Denne artikkelen presenterer en analyse av svarene som ble gitt på et åpent spørsmål om hva helsepersonell erfarte som etisk utfordrende i arbeidet relatert til bruk av tvang. Totalt 439 ansatte med ulik yrkesbakgrunn beskrev en eller flere etiske utfordringer. Svarene ble analysert med manifest innholdsanalyse og rangert etter hvor ofte de ble nevnt. Følgende etiske utfordringene ble nevnt oftest: 1. Tvil og usikkerhet angående bruk av formell tvang, 2. Andre former for restriksjoner, 3. Tvangsmedisinering, 4. Uenighet mellom berørte parter, 5. Utfordringer relatert til utføring av tvangstiltak, 6. Organisatoriske faktorer og mangelfulle ressurser, 7. Overdreven bruk av makt, maktmisbruk og uegnet personell. Studien bidrar med ny kunnskap om hva helsepersonell innen psykiske helsetjenester opplever som etisk utfordrende i sammenheng med bruk av tvang.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Etikk</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>46</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pedersen, P. B.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eide, W. D.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kontroll av tvangsbruk i psykisk helsevern 2016</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Statistikk</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsbehandling</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsinnleggelser</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsmidler</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.helsedirektoratet.no/rapporter/kontroll-av-tvangsbruk-i-psykisk-helsevern/Kontroll%20av%20tvangsbruk%20i%20psykisk%20helsevern%202016.pdf?download=false</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Helsedirektoratet</style></publisher><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Statistikk</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tonje Lossius Husum</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elisa Legernes</style></author></secondary-authors><tertiary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reidar Pedersen</style></author></tertiary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&quot;A plea for recognition&quot; Users' experience of humiliation during mental health care</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">International Journal of Law and Psychiatry</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humiliation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mental Health</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Qualitative research</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">User experience</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30616849</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;div&gt;Background&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Studies reveal that users of mental health care services sometimes experience humiliation during care. These experiences may influence the users&amp;#39; recovery process and treatment satisfaction.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Method&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Thirteen informants with experience in mental health services were recruited for semi-structured interviews. Informants were recruited through collaboration with users&amp;#39; organisations. Modified text condensation was used for analysis of the qualitative data.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Results&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Users&amp;#39; experiences with humiliation in mental health care were sorted into three main themes. These are themes related to different perspectives between staff and users; themes related to violence of user autonomy; and experiences related to staff attitudes.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Discussion&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;The service users in this study spoke about many different kinds of experiences with humiliation during care. It was a main finding that the feeling of not being recognized for one&amp;#39;s own perception of the situation was experienced as a humiliation. This study is a contribution to a better understanding of the humiliation process between staff and users in mental health care services. The findings may be used to improve interaction between staff and users, improve quality of care and to prevent such experiences.&lt;/div&gt;</style></abstract><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Erfaringsbaserte</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>32</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pawlica, Anja C</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Private hjem som utstillingsvindu og tildekket miskjent tvang? : om re-oppdragelse av psykisk lidende og påføring av samfunnets orden</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Universitetet i Stavanger</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year></dates><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">978-82-7644-771-2</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsmidler, Etikk</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Olaf Gjerløw Aasland</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tonje Lossius Husum</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reidun Førde</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reidar Pedersen</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Store forskjeller i holdninger til tvang blant fagfolk i psykiatrien</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tidsskrift for Den Norske Laegeforening</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Holdninger</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Psykiater</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Psykolog</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tvang</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">04/2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://tidsskriftet.no/2018/05/debatt/store-forskjeller-i-holdninger-til-tvang-blant-fagfolk-i-psykiatrien</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">138</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Som et ledd i myndighetenes forsøk på å redusere bruk av tvang i psykisk helsevern fikk Senter for medisinsk etikk ved Universitetet i Oslo i 2011&amp;nbsp;midler til et bredt anlagt prosjekt. Formålet var å bidra til mer kunnskap om etiske utfordringer ved bruk av tvang og hvordan slike best kan håndteres. Et sentralt delprosjekt for å redusere tvangsbruk var å prøve ut og evaluere etiske refleksjonsgrupper på avdelingsnivå (&lt;a href=&quot;https://tidsskriftet.no/2018/05/debatt/store-forskjeller-i-holdninger-til-tvang-blant-fagfolk-i-psykiatrien#ref1&quot;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;I samarbeid med Legeforskningsinstituttet (LEFO) var et annet delprosjekt å gjennomføre en nasjonal spørreundersøkelse blant de fem vanligste yrkesgruppene i psykisk helsevern og rusvern; psykiatere, psykologer, sykepleiere, andre fagutdannede og hjelpeyrker, bl.a. for å kartlegge yrkesmessige forskjeller. Et av målene var å undersøke holdninger til tvang. Den første artikkelen fra dette delprosjektet er nylig publisert (&lt;a href=&quot;https://tidsskriftet.no/2018/05/debatt/store-forskjeller-i-holdninger-til-tvang-blant-fagfolk-i-psykiatrien#ref2&quot;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;), og vi ønsker her å dele resultatene med en bredere offentlighet.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Via aktuelle fagorganisasjoner ble det sendt elektroniske spørreskjemaer til alle medlemmer som arbeidet med psykisk helse eller rus, til sammen 15 576 i hele landet. Med denne indirekte utsendelsen var det ikke mulig å purre, og svarprosenten var 7,5 (1 160/15 576). I spørreskjemaet var det seks kliniske situasjoner hvor bruk av tvang kunne være aktuelt (&lt;a href=&quot;https://tidsskriftet.no/2018/05/debatt/store-forskjeller-i-holdninger-til-tvang-blant-fagfolk-i-psykiatrien#box1&quot;&gt;ramme 1&lt;/a&gt;). I hver vignett var det foreslått 3&amp;ndash;5 handlingsalternativer, der minst ett innebar bruk av tvang. På to av vignettene (D og E) var noen av alternativene ulovlige, men dette var ikke nevnt i spørreskjemaet.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></issue><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Etikk</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>5</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Husum, Tonje Lossius</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pedersen, Reidar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hem, Marit Helene</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">En brytningstid i synet på psykiske vansker og behandling - Etiske utfordringer ved bruk av tvang</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michael</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Etikk</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://hdl.handle.net/10852/64191</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Det norske medicinske Selskab</style></publisher><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">55-67</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Helsetjenestene innehar mulighet til å bruke makt for å hjelpe mennesker i sårbare livssituasjoner. Dette gir også mulighet til maktmisbruk. Det er mange eksempler fra historien som viser at det har fart galt av sted, og understreker hvor viktig det er å kontinuerlig ha etiske vurderinger og kritisk refleksjon i all utføring av helse- og omsorgsarbeid. De siste 20 årene har vi sett et økt fokus på demokratiske prosesser innenfor helsetjenesten, og enkeltindividet har fått sterkere rettigheter og rettsvern. Dette har ført til krav om økt brukermedvirkning, pasientrettigheter og likeverdighet mellom pasient og helsepersonell. De psykiske helsetjenestene har gått inn i en ny tid med økt oppmerksomhet på pasienters egne opplevelser, menneskerettigheter og med mer samarbeidsbaserte arbeidsformer. Hvordan skal ulike legitime interesser avveies hvis de står mot hverandre &amp;ndash; for eksempel hjelpeplikten versus pasientens selvbestemmelse, og pasientens ønsker versus andres sikkerhet (for eksempel pårørende eller samfunnet)? Hva kjennetegner gode beslutningsprosesser der pasienten er alvorlig syk? Hvordan bør helsepersonell håndtere usikkerheten knyttet til effekt av bruk av tvang? Hvordan kan man definere tvang på en god måte? Disse spørsmålene representerer sentrale etiske utfordringer ved bruk av tvang.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">etikk</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>34</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kristin Hærnes Paasche</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Etablering av tvungent psykisk helsevern - et menneskerettslig perspektiv</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Det juridiske fakultet</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.duo.uio.no/handle/10852/56576</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Universitet i Oslo</style></publisher><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Master Thesis</style></work-type><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsinnleggelse, Etikk</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>6</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reidar Pedersen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Per Nortvedt</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eldbjørg Ribe</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">David Keeping</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Etikk i psykiske helsetjenester</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gyldendal akademisk</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oslo</style></pub-location><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">978-82-05-48163-3</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Etikk</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>12</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elin Håkonsen Martinsen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bente M Weimand</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reidar Pedersen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reidun Norvoll</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hvordan snakke med unge som har sett tvang mot familiemedlemmer?</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dagens Medisin</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">dagensmedisin.no</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Etikk, Erfaringsbaserte</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pasareanu, Adrian R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vederhus, John-Kåre</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anne Opsal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kristensen, Øistein</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clausen, Thomas</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mental distress following inpatient substance use treatment, modified by substance use; comparing voluntary and compulsory admissions</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BMC Health Services Research 2017</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsinnleggelse</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://bmchealthservres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12913-016-1936-y</style></url></web-urls></urls><edition><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3.01.2017</style></edition><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17:5</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsinnleggelse</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reidun Norvoll</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marit Helene Hem</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reidar Pedersen</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Role of Ethics in Reducing and Improving the Quality of Coercion in Mental Health Care</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HEC Forum</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 01</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">29</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">59-74</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1572-8498</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Coercion in mental health care gives rise to many ethical challenges. Many countries have recently implemented state policy programs or development projects aiming to reduce coercive practices and improve their quality. Few studies have explored the possible role of ethics (i.e., ethical theory, moral deliberation and clinical ethics support) in such initiatives. This study adds to this subject by exploring health professionals&amp;rsquo; descriptions of their ethical challenges and strategies in everyday life to ensure morally justified coercion and best practices. Seven semi-structured telephone interviews were carried out in 2012 with key informants in charge of central development projects and quality-assurance work in mental health services in Norway. No facilities used formal clinical ethics support. However, the informants described five areas in which ethics was of importance: moral concerns as implicit parts of local quality improvement initiatives; moral uneasiness and idealism as a motivational source of change; creating a normative basis for development work; value-based leadership; and increased staff reflexivity on coercive practices. The study shows that coercion entails both individual and institutional ethical aspects. Thus, various kinds of moral deliberation and ethics support could contribute to addressing coercion challenges by offering more systematic ways of dealing with moral concerns. However, more strategic use of implicit and institutional ethics is also needed.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Etikk</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elin Håkonsen Martinsen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bente M Weimand</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reidar Pedersen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reidun Norvoll</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The silent world of young next of kin in mental healthcare</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nursing Ethics</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Children of parents with a mental illness,ethics,family ethics,family support,mental healthcare,sibling caregivers</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year></dates><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Background:Young next of kin to patients with mental health problems are faced with many challenges. It is important to focus on the special needs of children and adolescents as next of kin to ensure their welfare and prevent harm.Research questions:We aimed to investigate young next of kin&amp;rsquo;s need for information and involvement, to examine the ways they cope with situations involving coercion related to the treatment of their relative, and to identify ethical challenges.Research design:We conducted a qualitative study based on semi-structured, individual interviews.Participants and research context:Seven young next of kin aged 14&amp;ndash;22 years participated in the study. The informants were recruited from a regional hospital trust in Norway.Ethical considerations:The study was approved by the National Data Protection Official for Research and based upon informed consent and confidentiality.Findings:The adolescents wanted more information and described a need for increased interaction with their sick relative at the hospital. They struggled to keep their relationship with their relative intact, and they described communication problems in the family. Coercive treatment was perceived in a negative way.Discussion:The study finds that there are ethical challenges at stake for young next of kin and their families other than those that are often emphasized by traditional healthcare, which often focuses on the individual patient&amp;rsquo;s rights. These challenges are related to the young next of kin&amp;rsquo;s needs for interconnectedness and for the preservation of relationships as well as challenges related to family communication and the need for information.Conclusion:The study finds a need for more family-oriented perspectives in both mental healthcare practices and healthcare ethics.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Erfaringsbaserte</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bert Molewijk</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Almar Kok</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tonje Husum</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reidar Pedersen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Olaf Aasland</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Staff’s normative attitudes towards coercion: the role of moral doubt and professional context—a cross-sectional survey study</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BMC Medical Ethics</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">18</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">37</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Etikk, Tvangsinnleggelse</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marthe Kirkesæther Brun</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tonje Lossius Husum</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reidar Pedersen</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsmedisinering i psykisk helsevern – en systematisk litteraturgjennomgang</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Psykologtidsskriftet</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsmedisinering</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.psykologtidsskriftet.no/index.php?seks_id=480571&amp;a=3</style></url></web-urls></urls><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">54</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">side 186-195</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsmedisinering</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Irene Syse</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reidun Førde</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reidar Pedersen</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clinical ethics committees – also for mental health care? 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Pasareanu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John-Kåre Vederhus</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anne Opsal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Øistein Kristensen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thomas Clausen</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Improved drug-use patterns at 6 months post-discharge from inpatient substance use disorder treatment: results from compulsorily and voluntarily admitted patients</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BMC Health Services Research 2016</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year></dates><edition><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">20.07.2016</style></edition><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsmedisinering</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reidun Førde</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reidun Norvoll</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marit Helene Hem</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reidar Pedersen</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Next of kin’s experiences of involvement during involuntary hospitalization and coercion</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BMC Medical EthicsBMC Medical Ethics</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">24.11.2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">76</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Erfaringsbaserte</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bert Molewijk</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ingvild Stokke Engerdahl</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reidar Pedersen</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Two years of moral case deliberations on the use of coercion in mental health care: Which ethical challenges are being discussed by health care professionals?</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clinical Ethics</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2-3</style></number><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Etikk</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bert Molewijk</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marit Helene Hem</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reidar Pedersen</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dealing with ethical challenges: a focus group study with proessionals in mental health care</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BMC Medical Ethics</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marit Helene Hem</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reidar Pedersen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reidun Norvoll</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molewijk, Bert</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evaluating clinical ethics support in mental healthcare: a systematic literature review</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nursing Ethics</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></number><edition><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4.08.2014</style></edition><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">22</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">452-66</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Erfaringsbaserte</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valenti, Emanuele</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Banks, Ciara</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Calcedo-Barba, Alfredo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bensimon, Cécile</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hoffmann, Karin-Maria</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pelto-Piri, Veikko</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jurin, Tanja</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mendoza, Octavio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mundt, Adrian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rugkåsa, Jorun</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tubini, Jacopo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Priebe, Stefan</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Informal coercion in psychiatry: a focus group study of attitudes and experiences of mental health professionals in ten countries</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The International Journal for Research in Social and Genetic Epidemiology and Mental Health Services</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">50</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsinnleggelse, Tvangsmidler, Etikk</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>46</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pedersen, P.D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hellevik, V.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Skui, H.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kontroll av tvangsbruk i psykisk helsevern 2015</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Statistikk</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsbehandling</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsinnleggelse</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsmidler</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.helsedirektoratet.no/rapporter/kontroll-av-tvangsbruk-i-psykisk-helsevern/Kontroll%20av%20tvangsbruk%20i%20psykisk%20helsevern%202015.pdf?download=false</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Helsedirektoratet</style></publisher><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Statistikk</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adrian R. Pasereanu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anne Opsal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jon-Kåre Vederhus</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Øistein Kristensen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thomas Clausen</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quality of life improved following in-patient substance use disorder treatment</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Health and Quality of Life Outcomes</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coercion</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quality of Life</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Substance Abuse</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SUD</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">03/2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://urn.nb.no/URN:NBN:no-51401</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Background&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Quality of life (QoL) is increasingly recognized as central to the broad construct of recovery in patients with substance use disorders (SUD). However, few longitudinal studies have evaluated changes in QoL after SUD treatment and included patients with SUD that were compulsorily hospitalized. This study aimed to describe QoL among in-patients admitted either voluntarily or compulsorily to hospitalization and to examine patterns and predictors of QoL at admission and at 6 months post treatment.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Methods&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;This prospective study followed 202 hospitalized patients with SUD that were admitted voluntarily (N=137) or compulsorily (N=65). A generic QoL questionnaire (QoL-5) was used to assess QoL domains. Regression analysis was conducted to identify associations with QoL at baseline and to examine predictors of change in QoL at a 6-month follow-up.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Results&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The majority of patients had seriously impaired QoL. Low QoL at baseline was associated with a high psychiatric symptom burden. Fifty-eight percent of patients experienced a positive QoL change at follow-up. Although the improvement in QoL was significant, it was considered modest (a mean 0.06 improvement in QoL-5 scores at follow-up; 95% confidence interval: 0.03 - 0.09; p&amp;lt;0.001). Patients admitted voluntarily and compulsorily showed QoL improvements of similar magnitude. Female gender was associated with a large, clinically relevant improvement in QoL at follow-up.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Conclusions&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In-patient SUD treatment improved QoL at six month follow-up. 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size="100%">http://www.sintef.no/contentassets/f98d2810156e4dd6b8b7aa1da8174334/endeligrapport_sintef-a26086_2.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SINTEF</style></publisher><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marit Helene Hem</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molewijk, Bert</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reidar Pedersen</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ethical challenges in connection with the use of coercion: a focus group study of health care personnel in mental health care</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" 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font="default" size="100%">§4-8</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">03/2013</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.duo.uio.no/bitstream/handle/10852/21885/1/87320.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">UiO, Det juridiske fakultet</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oslo</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Sammendrag finnes ikke&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Master thesis</style></work-type><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tvangsmidler, 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size="100%">3</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Erfaringsbasert, Tvangsinnleggelse</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>36</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trond Hatling</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johan Håkon Bjørngaard</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Per Bernhard Pedersen</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvungent psykisk helsevern uten døgnopphold i 2002</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2004</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.sintef.no/upload/Helse/Psykisk%20helse/Pdf-filer/STF78_A045003%20-%20Tvungent%20psykisk%20helsevern%20uten%20d%C3%B8gnopphold%20i%202002.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SINTEF Helse</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trondheim</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TUD</style></label></record></records></xml>