<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Veenu Gupta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Catrin Eames</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alison Bryant</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Beth Greenhill</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Laura Golding</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jennifer Day</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peter Fisher</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Identifying the priorities for supervision by lived experience researchers: a Q sort study</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BMC Research involvement and engagement</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lived experience researcher, supervision, Q methodology, reflexivity, identity</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">25/06/2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40900-024-00596-w</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Lived experience researchers draw on their lived and living experiences to either lead on or inform research. Their personal experiences are relevant to the research topic and so they must manage the interplay of their health and healthcare experiences with the research, population, and data they work with, as well as the more general challenges of being a researcher. Lived experience researchers must navigate these dilemmas in addition to queries over their competency, due to issues relating to intersectionality and epistemic injustice. This justifies a motivation to better understand the experiences of lived experience researchers and develop appropriate and personalised supervision based on their preferences and needs.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Q methodology was used to identify a collection of identity-related issues that impact lived experience researchers during PhD research in the context of the UK. These issues were presented in the form of 54 statements to 18 lived experience researchers to prioritise as topics to explore in supervision.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Result:&lt;/strong&gt; It was found that lived experiences researchers could be grouped into three distinct factors following an inverted factor analysis: Factor 1: Strengthening my identity, skills, growth, and empowerment; Factor 2: Exploring the emotional and relational link I have with the research and Factor 3: Navigating my lived and professional experiences practically and emotionally. The findings suggest that there may be three types of lived experience researchers, each with different needs from supervision, suggesting the population is heterogeneous.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The research identified a deeper understanding of the needs of lived experience researchers and highlights the importance of personalised supervision according to the individual needs of the researcher and their preferences for supervision. The findings reinforce the importance of integrating a clinical dimension into supervision to support the needs of all lived experience researchers.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nina Camilla Wergeland</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Åshild Fause</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Astrid Karine Weber</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anett Beatrix Osnes Fause</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Henriette Riley</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Capacity-based legislation in Norway has so far scarcely infuenced the daily life and responsibilities of patients’ carers: a qualitative study</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BMC Psychiatry</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Capacity-based legislation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carer</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coercion</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Community Treatment Order</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Family-carer</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Patient autonomy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Norwegian mental health act</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">02/2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://hdl.handle.net/10037/30648</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Background - When capacity-based mental health legislation was introduced in Norway in 2017, there was concern about the consequences of change in the law for patients&amp;rsquo;carer whose community treatment order was revoked as a result of being assessed as having capacity to consent. The concern was that the lack of a community treatment order would increase carers&amp;rsquo; responsibilities in an already challenging life situation.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The aim of this study is to explore carers&amp;rsquo; experiences of how their responsibility and daily life were affected after the patient&amp;rsquo;s community treatment order was revoked based on capacity to consent.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Method - We conducted individual in-depth interviews from September 2019 to March 2020 with seven carers of patients whose community treatment order was revoked following assessment of capacity to consent, based on the change in the legislation. The transcripts were analysed with inspiration from reflexive thematic analysis.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Results - The participants had little knowledge about the amended legislation, and three out of seven did not know about the change at the time of the interview. Their responsibility and daily life were as before, but they felt that the patient was more content, without relating this to the change in the law. They had found that coercion was necessary in certain situations, which made them worry whether the new legislation would make it more difficult to use coercion.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Conclusion - The participating carers had little or no knowledge of the change in the law. They were involved in the patient&amp;rsquo;s everyday life as before. The concerns prior to the change about a worse situation for carers had not affected them. On the contrary, they found that their family member was more satisfied with life and the care and treatment provided. This may suggest that the intention of the legislation to reduce coercion and increase autonomy was fulfilled for these patients, without resulting in any significant change in carers&amp;rsquo; lives and responsibilities.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal article</style></work-type></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hirsch, Sophie</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Baumgardt, Johanna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bechdolf, Andreas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Buhling-Schindowski, Felix</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cole, Celline</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flammer, Erich</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mahler, Lieselotte</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muche, Rainer</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sauter, Dorothea</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vandamme, Angelika</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Steinert, Tilman</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Implementation of guidelines on prevention of coercion and violence: baseline data of the randomized controlled PreVCo study</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Frontiers in Psychiatry</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coercion</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">evidence based care</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">guidelines</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">implementation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mental heath</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Psychiatry</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Restraint</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seclusion</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;The PreVCo study examines whether a structured, operationalized implementation of guidelines to prevent coercion actually leads to fewer coercive measures on psychiatric wards. It is known from the literature that rates of coercive measures differ greatly between hospitals within a country. Studies on that topic also showed large Hawthorne effects. Therefore, it is important to collect valid baseline data for the comparison of similar wards and controlling for observer effects.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hirsch, Sophie</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Baumgardt, Johanna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bechdolf, Andreas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Buhling-Schindowski, Felix</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cole, Celline</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flammer, Erich</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mahler, Lieselotte</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muche, Rainer</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sauter, Dorothea</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vandamme, Angelika</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Steinert, Tilman</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Implementation of guidelines on prevention of coercion and violence: baseline data of the randomized controlled PreVCo study</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Frontiers in Psychiatry</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coercion</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">evidence based care</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">guidelines</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">implementation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mental heath</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Psychiatry</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Restraint</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seclusion</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;The PreVCo study examines whether a structured, operationalized implementation of guidelines to prevent coercion actually leads to fewer coercive measures on psychiatric wards. It is known from the literature that rates of coercive measures differ greatly between hospitals within a country. Studies on that topic also showed large Hawthorne effects. Therefore, it is important to collect valid baseline data for the comparison of similar wards and controlling for observer effects.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>34</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Veronica Fjeld</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A comparison of Norway and Denmark’s legislations regarding the use of restraints in  psychiatric institutions in light of the Human Rights Convention article 3.</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">article 3</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">artikkel 3</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">belteseng</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coercion</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">coercive measures</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Human Rights Convention</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mekaniske tvangsmidler</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Restraints</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tvangsmidler.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">05.08.2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">University of Dundee</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dundee</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;The theme of the dissertation is to examine the Norwegian and Danish legislations regarding the use of restraints in psychiatric health care and study the legislations in light of the European Convention on Human Rights article 3. The hypothesis is that Denmark uses restraints in a wider scope and with a longer duration than Norway.&amp;nbsp;Based on this, could distinctions in regulation explain this difference? Furthermore, the use of restraints is a severe intervention in a person&amp;rsquo;s sphere and integrity. ECHR article 3 prohibits such intervention, unless some requirements are fulfilled. Therefore, is the operating law in Norway and Denmark in accordance with article 3? To answer these questions the legislations which regulates when it is lawful to put a patient under restraints will be examined and thereafter the legislations will be compared to see if there is a difference. To examine the situation regarding use of restraints and whether the two countries practice is in accordance with article 3, one court decision from both the countries will be examined and the two most recent reports from The European Committee for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment.&amp;nbsp;This will give an indication of the situation of the operating law in the two countries.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Master thesis</style></work-type></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>27</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">David Stewart</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kim Ryan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Madeline A. Naegle</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sarah Flogen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Frances Hughes</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">James Buchan</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Global Mental Health nursing workforce: Time to prioritize and invest in mental health and wellbeing</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Forebygging</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mental Health</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mental helse</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">nursing</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">psykiatrisk sykepleie</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sykepleie</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.icn.ch/sites/default/files/inline-files/ICN_Mental_Health_Workforce_report_EN_web.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">the International Council of Nurses</style></publisher><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">978-92-95124-04-2 </style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Rapporten&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.icn.ch/sites/default/files/inline-files/ICN_Mental_Health_Workforce_report_EN_web.pdf&quot;&gt;Mental Health Workforce report&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;ble nylig lagt frem av ICN. I følge rapporten står verden foran store utfordringer, spesielt når det kommer til mangel på sykepleierkompetanse innen psykisk helse og rus.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Annet</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nina Camilla Wergeland</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Åshild Fause</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Astrid Karine Weber</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anett Beatrix Osnes Fause</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Henriette Riley</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Increased autonomy with capacity‑based mental health legislation in Norway: a qualitative study of patient experiences of having come off a community treatment order</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BMC Health Services Research (Open Access)</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Autonomi</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">lov</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">lovendring</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pasientopplevelse</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Samtykke</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Samtykkekompetanse</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">04/2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8987267/</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;Capacity-based mental health legislation was introduced in Norway on 1 September 2017. The aim was to increase the autonomy of patients with severe mental illness and to bring mental health care in line with human rights. The aim of this study is to explore patient experiences of how far the new legislation has enabled them to be involved in decisions on their treatment after they were assessed as capable of giving consent and had their community treatment order (CTO) revoked due to the change in the legislation.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Method:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;Individual in-depth interviews were conducted from September 2019 to March 2020 with twelve people with experience as CTO patients. Interviews were transcribed and analysed using thematic analysis inspired by hermeneutics.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;Almost all interviewees were receiving the same health care over two years after their CTO was terminated. Following the new legislation, they found it easier to be involved in treatment decisions when off a CTO than they had done in periods without a CTO before the amendment. Being assessed as having capacity to consent had enhanced their autonomy, their dialogues and their feeling of being respected in encounters with health care personnel. However, several participants felt insecure in such encounters and some still felt passive and lacking in initiative due to their previous experiences of coercion. They were worried about becoming acutely ill and again being subjected to involuntary treatment.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;The introduction of capacity-based mental health legislation seems to have fulfilled the intention that treatment and care should, as far as possible, be provided in accordance with patients&amp;#39; wishes. Systematic assessment of capacity to consent seems to increase the focus on patients&amp;#39; condition, level of functioning and opinions in care and treatment. Stricter requirements for health care providers to find solutions in cooperation with patients seem to lead to new forms of collaboration between patients and health care personnel, where patients have become more active participants in their own treatment and receive help to make more informed choices.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Keywords:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;Autonomy; Capacity to consent; Coercion; Community treatment order; Outpatient commitment; Patient experiences; Self-determination; The Mental Health Care Act.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">22</style></issue><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">erfaringsbaserte</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>34</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Veronica Fjeld</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Begrunnelsesplikt ved tvangsmedisinering som rettssikkerhetsgaranti - Har lovendringene i rettshjelploven og psykisk helsevernloven bedret rettssikkerheten?</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Det juridiske fakultet</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">begrunnelsesplikt</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phvl. § 4-4a.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Statsforvalter</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsmedisinering</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12/2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://hdl.handle.net/10037/24572</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">UiT, juridisk fakultet</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tromsø</style></pub-location><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">71</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Masteroppgaven undersøker om begrunnelseskravet overholdes av Statsforvalterene og om lovendringene har bedret kvaliteten på begrunnelsene fra 2016 til 2020. Oppgaven baserer seg på en kvantitativ analyse av 100 vedtak fra Statsforvalterene ved klagebehandling av tvangsmedisineringsvedtak. Det er innhentet 5 vedtak fra 2016 (før lovendringene) og 5 vedtak fra 2020 (etter lovendringene) fra hver av de 10 Statsforvalterene.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Master thesis</style></work-type></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diane E. Allen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Susan J. Fetzer</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kathleen S. Cummings</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Decreasing Duration of Mechanical Restraint Episodes by Increasing Registered Nurse Assessment and Surveillance in an Acute Psychiatric Hospital</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of the American Psychiatric Nurses Association</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">aggression</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">emergency psychiatric nursing</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">engagement</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">seclusion and restraint</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">standards of practice</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">violence</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1078390319878776</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">26</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;INTRODUCTION:&amp;nbsp;The application of mechanical restraints is a high-risk emergency measure that requires psychiatric intensive care to assure patient safety and expedite release at the earliest opportunity. While current Centers for Medicare &amp;amp; Medicaid Services regulations require trained staff to continuously observe restrained individuals, assessment by a registered nurse is required only once an hour. The experience of an acute psychiatric hospital demonstrates that more frequent registered nurse assessments can decrease duration of mechanical restraint episodes.&amp;nbsp;AIMS:&amp;nbsp;The aim of this three-part quality improvement project was to decrease duration of mechanical restraint episodes by increasing the frequency of registered nurse assessment and surveillance.&amp;nbsp;METHODS:&amp;nbsp;First, the requirement for frequency of face-to-face registered nurse assessment during episodes of mechanical restraint was increased from once every hour to once every 30 minutes. Second, the frequency of assessment was increased on half the hospital&amp;rsquo;s units, from every 30 minutes to continuous registered nurse presence during restraint. Finally, the remaining units adopted 1:1 registered nurses during restraint. Mean hours of restraint per episode were measured and compared before and after each practice change.&amp;nbsp;RESULTS:&amp;nbsp;Mean duration of restraint episodes decreased 23% in the first change cycle, 12% in the second, and 44% in the third. Overall, there was a statistically significant 30% decrease in mean duration of restraint episodes.&amp;nbsp;CONCLUSIONS:&amp;nbsp;Increased frequency of registered nurse assessment and surveillance can significantly decrease duration of mechanical restraint episodes. Nurses are encouraged to adopt mechanical restraint practice standards that provide continuous psychiatric intensive care by a registered nurse.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">245-249</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fjukstad, KK</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Medbestemmelse ved alvorlig psykisk sykdom</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michaeljournal.no</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Medbestemmelse</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Psykisk helsevernloven</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Samtykkekompetanse</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.michaeljournal.no/asset/pdf/1000/supplements/michaelsupplement-24/111-126.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">111-125</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Bruk av tvang ved behandling av psykiske lidelser skaper stadig samfunnsdebatt. Diskusjonen er igjen aktuell etter at tvangslovutvalget la fram sitt lovforslag i 2019. Synet på bruk av tvang varierer blant pasienter, pårørende og helsepersonell. Det er krevende å orientere seg på dette feltet hvor etikk, jus og medisin går hånd i hånd. Jeg gir i denne artikkelen en oversikt over bruk av tvang etter &amp;sect; 3 i psykisk helsevernloven og hvordan dette oppleves for dem som står i dette til daglig.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">24</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oversiktsartikkel</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">111</style></section><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">etikk</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Førde, R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hovland, IS</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Syse, A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dunlop, O</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Paradokser og ulikheter i norsk helsevesen</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tidsskrift for Den Norske Laegeforening</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">juridisk</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">lov</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">lovverk</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tvang</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ulikhet</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10/2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://tidsskriftet.no/2020/09/kronikk/paradokser-og-ulikheter-i-norsk-helsevesen</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Ulike pasientgrupper, alle med livstruende lidelser og selvskadende adferd, blir behandlet ulikt, selv om de har lik alder og nokså lik prognose.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Denne artikkelen springer ut fra drøftinger i klinisk etikk-komitéer (KEK) rundt pasienter som blir intensivbehandlet med omfattende ressursbruk, inkludert bruk av tvang. Etter et slikt drøftingsmøte har involverte klinikere uttrykt undring over hvordan ulike pasientgrupper blir behandlet ulikt. I det følgende vil vi bruke konstruerte sykehistorier sammensatt av mange ulike pasienter for å illustrere noen paradokser.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></issue><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tvangsinnleggelse, tvangsmidler, etikk</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Torkil Berge</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kjersti Sunniva Bjøntegård</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Petter Ekern</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Martin Furan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nils Inge Landrø</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grete J. Sølvberg Larsen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kåre Osnes</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Inger Selvaag</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anne Helene Vedlog</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coercive mental health care – dilemmas in the decision-making process</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsinnleggelser</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvungent psykisk helsevern</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">08/2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://tidsskriftet.no/en/2018/08/originalartikkel/coercive-mental-health-care-dilemmas-decision-making-process</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;h3&gt;BACKGROUND&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;The use of coercive mental health care contravenes the principle of voluntary examination and treatment. However, it should be possible for persons at acute risk to receive imperative health assistance.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;MATERIAL AND METHOD&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;After evaluating 37 emergency interviews in psychiatric outpatient clinics where the use of coercive mental health care was considered, interviews were conducted with psychiatric triage clinicians.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;RESULTS&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;The study includes interviews that resulted in involuntary hospitalisation (n = 15), coerced observation (n = 2), voluntary hospitalisation (n = 14) and follow-up by the outpatient clinic (n = 6). Important factors in assessing the use of coercion were the severity of psychotic symptoms, suicide risk and risk for others, and difficult social circumstances. Three-quarters of psychiatric triage clinicians were in some degree of doubt, and 16 out of 37 experienced uneasiness during the assessment. With a view to enhancing the patient&amp;rsquo;s perception of having been met with respect, the triage clinicians emphasised the need for the patient&amp;rsquo;s opinion to be heard. Where the triage clinicians were in doubt, a number of professional and ethical issues were highlighted in the process of reaching a decision.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;DISCUSSION&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;Latitude should be given for ethical and professional reflection in relation to assessing the use of coercion in daily clinical practice, as well as training in measures to reinforce patients&amp;rsquo; experience of participation during the interview.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tvangsinnleggelse</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Olaf Gjerløw Aasland</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tonje Lossius Husum</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reidun Førde</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reidar Pedersen</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Store forskjeller i holdninger til tvang blant fagfolk i psykiatrien</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tidsskrift for Den Norske Laegeforening</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Holdninger</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Psykiater</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Psykolog</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tvang</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">04/2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://tidsskriftet.no/2018/05/debatt/store-forskjeller-i-holdninger-til-tvang-blant-fagfolk-i-psykiatrien</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">138</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Som et ledd i myndighetenes forsøk på å redusere bruk av tvang i psykisk helsevern fikk Senter for medisinsk etikk ved Universitetet i Oslo i 2011&amp;nbsp;midler til et bredt anlagt prosjekt. Formålet var å bidra til mer kunnskap om etiske utfordringer ved bruk av tvang og hvordan slike best kan håndteres. Et sentralt delprosjekt for å redusere tvangsbruk var å prøve ut og evaluere etiske refleksjonsgrupper på avdelingsnivå (&lt;a href=&quot;https://tidsskriftet.no/2018/05/debatt/store-forskjeller-i-holdninger-til-tvang-blant-fagfolk-i-psykiatrien#ref1&quot;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;I samarbeid med Legeforskningsinstituttet (LEFO) var et annet delprosjekt å gjennomføre en nasjonal spørreundersøkelse blant de fem vanligste yrkesgruppene i psykisk helsevern og rusvern; psykiatere, psykologer, sykepleiere, andre fagutdannede og hjelpeyrker, bl.a. for å kartlegge yrkesmessige forskjeller. Et av målene var å undersøke holdninger til tvang. Den første artikkelen fra dette delprosjektet er nylig publisert (&lt;a href=&quot;https://tidsskriftet.no/2018/05/debatt/store-forskjeller-i-holdninger-til-tvang-blant-fagfolk-i-psykiatrien#ref2&quot;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;), og vi ønsker her å dele resultatene med en bredere offentlighet.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Via aktuelle fagorganisasjoner ble det sendt elektroniske spørreskjemaer til alle medlemmer som arbeidet med psykisk helse eller rus, til sammen 15 576 i hele landet. Med denne indirekte utsendelsen var det ikke mulig å purre, og svarprosenten var 7,5 (1 160/15 576). I spørreskjemaet var det seks kliniske situasjoner hvor bruk av tvang kunne være aktuelt (&lt;a href=&quot;https://tidsskriftet.no/2018/05/debatt/store-forskjeller-i-holdninger-til-tvang-blant-fagfolk-i-psykiatrien#box1&quot;&gt;ramme 1&lt;/a&gt;). I hver vignett var det foreslått 3&amp;ndash;5 handlingsalternativer, der minst ett innebar bruk av tvang. På to av vignettene (D og E) var noen av alternativene ulovlige, men dette var ikke nevnt i spørreskjemaet.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></issue><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Etikk</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>46</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Folkehelseinstituttet, FHI</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Systematisk kartleggingsoversikt: Tvangsmedisinering i psykisk helsevern</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.fhi.no/publ/2018/tvangsmedisinering-i-psykisk-helsevern--en-systematisk-kartleggingsoversikt/</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsbehandling, Statistikk</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>32</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Astrid Furre</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Use of restraint acute psychiatric inpatient units for adolescents in Norway</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Universitetet i Oslo</style></publisher><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9788283771886</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsmidler</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Irene Syse</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reidun Førde</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reidar Pedersen</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clinical ethics committees – also for mental health care? The Norwegian experience</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clinical Ethics</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2-3</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Etikk</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jan Hammer</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Roar Fosse</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Åse Lyngstad</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Paul Møller</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Didrik Heggdal</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effekten av komplementær ytre regulering (KYR) på tvangstiltak</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Psykologtidsskriftet</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">autonomy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">basal exposure therapy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">coercion reduction</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">complementary external regulation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">complex mental disorders</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">psychotic disorders</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">07/2916</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://psykologtidsskriftet.no/vitenskapelig-artikkel/2016/07/effekten-av-komplementaer-ytre-regulering-kyr-pa-tvangstiltak</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">53</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Norsk studie om reduksjon av tvangsmidler og skjerming. Studien viser en&lt;br /&gt;markant reduksjon av tvangsvedtak fra 2006&amp;ndash;2008 (før KYR var implementert)&lt;br /&gt;til henholdsvis 2009&amp;ndash;2011 og 2012&amp;ndash;2014. Gjennomsnittlig antall&lt;br /&gt;tvangsvedtak per pasient ble redusert fra 23,5 til 0,3 (99 %). Andelen&lt;br /&gt;pasienter med minst ett tvangsvedtak gikk ned fra 60,5 % til 15,4 % (74 %),&lt;br /&gt;mens andelen pasienter med minst seks vedtak gikk ned fra 40 % til 0 % (100&lt;br /&gt;%). Nedgangen i tvangsvedtak var tydeligst for korttidsvirkende legemidler,&lt;br /&gt;fulgt av mekaniske tvangsmidler.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fagfellevurdert artikkel</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">518</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nikolai L. D. Fuglseth</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rolf Gjestad</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liv Solrunn Mellesdal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Steinar Hunskaar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ketil Joachim Ødegaard</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ingrid Hjulstad Johansen</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Factors associated with disallowance of compulsory mental healthcare referrals</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavia</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/acps.12545/epdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1-9</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsinnleggelse</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reidun Førde</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reidun Norvoll</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marit Helene Hem</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reidar Pedersen</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Next of kin’s experiences of involvement during involuntary hospitalization and coercion</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BMC Medical EthicsBMC Medical Ethics</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">24.11.2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">76</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Erfaringsbaserte</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>12</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Svein Friis</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Skjerming – straff eller støtte?</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://tidsskriftet.no/article/3273796</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsmidler</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Astrid Furre</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leiv Sandvik</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sonja Heyerdahl</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Svein Friis</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maria Knutzen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ketil Hanssen-Bauer</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Characteristics of Adolescents Subjected to Restraint in Acute Psychiatric Units in Norway: A Case-Control Study</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PubMed</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24980114</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsmidler</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eli 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font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Department of Health Management and Health Economics, University of Oslo, Blindern, Oslo 0317, Norway. eli.feiring@medisin.uio.no.</style></auth-address><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsinnleggelse</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Geir F Lorem</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jartrud S Frafjord</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marie Steffensen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Catharina EA wang</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Medication and participation: A qualitative study of patient experiences 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size="100%">moral</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsbehandling</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">03/2013</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.duo.uio.no/bitstream/handle/10852/24860/3/fleisje.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">UiO, Det humanistiske fakultet, Institutt for Filosofi</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oslo</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Anoreksi er en form for spiseforstyrrelse, og klassifiseres som en psykisk lidelse. Tilstanden innebærer et stort fokus på mat og kropp, samt selvframkalt vekttap, basert på et ønske om å være tynn. Effektiv behandling vil kunne være essensielt for å unngå de potensielt skadelige eller dødelige konsekvensene av alvorlig undervekt. Anorektikeren vil imidlertid typisk utvise ambivalens eller motstand mot behandling. I tilfeller der vedkommende avviser tilbud om behandling som anses som essensiell for hennes liv eller helse, vil spørsmålet om tvangsbehandling kunne være aktuelt: Bør behandling iverksettes, på tross av anorektikerens uttalte ønsker om det motsatte?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Jeg forsøker å besvare spørsmålet på bakgrunn av oppfatningen om autonomiprinsippets forrang for velgjørenhet, det vil si at pasientens autonome ønsker bør være toneangivende for vurderingen av behandling, framfor hva som anses som fordelaktig for vedkommende medisinsk sett. Ifølge mitt syn bør pasientens eventuelle beslutning om ikke å motta behandling respekteres, såfremt den er autonom &amp;ndash; et syn som forsvares på bakgrunn av den iboende verdien av autonomi. Inngripen i strid med pasientens ønsker, slik som tvangsbehandling, er altså tillatelig kun ved svekket autonomi. Dersom vedkommendes beslutning om ikke å behandles er heteronom, vil tvangsbehandling kunne forsvares på bakgrunn av autonomiprinsippet, ettersom prinsippet innebærer antatt autonomifremmende behandling, så vel som respekt for pasienters autonome ønsker.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Jeg antar at anorektikerens eventuelle beslutning om ikke å motta behandling, vil kunne være basert på enten ønsket om å være tynn, eller også ønsket om å være anorektisk som sådan. Førstnevnte ønske er trolig ikke autonomt, så dersom avgjørelsen er basert på dette, vil den neppe være autonom. I så tilfelle vil tvangsbehandling kunne være forsvarlig. Hvis beslutningen om ikke å behandles derimot har bakgrunn i et ønske om å være anorektisk, og dette igjen er basert på autonome preferanser, vil den kunne være autonom. Tvangsbehandling vil da være utillatelig.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Det kan imidlertid tenkes at det finnes tungtveiende argumenter vedrørende tvangsbehandling fra klinisk perspektiv, framsatt uavhengig av vurderingen av hvorvidt pasienten er autonom. Hvis ett eller flere av de kliniske argumentene henholdsvis for eller mot tvangsbehandling er sterke nok til alene å danne grunnlaget for om slik behandling bør iverksettes, kan det se ut til at min autonomisentrerte modell er inadekvat ved vurderingen av tvangsbehandling i praksis. 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Digitale utgivelser ved UIO. </style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Master</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Master</style></work-type><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsmidler </style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">S. Opjordsmoen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Svein Friis</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ingrid Melle</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ulrik Haahr</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jan Olav Johannessen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tor Ketil Larsen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jan Ivar Røssberg</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bjørn Rishovd Rund</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Erik Simonsen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Per Vaglum</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thomas H. McGlashan</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A 2‐year follow‐up of involuntary admission’s influence upon adherence and outcome in first‐episode psychosis</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acta Psychiatrica ScandinavicaActa Psychiatrica Scandinavica</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">121</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsinnleggelse</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tonje Lossius Husum</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johan H. Bjørngaard</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arnstein Finset</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Torleif Ruud</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A cross-sectional prospective study of seclusion, restraint and involuntary medication in acute psychiatric wards: Patient, staff and ward characteristics.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BMC Health Services Research (Open Access)</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6963/10/89</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsmidler</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tonje Lossius Husum</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johan Håkon Bjørngaard</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arnstein Finset</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Torleif Ruud</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Staff attitudes and thoughts about the use of coercion in psychiatric  acute wards</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00127-010-0259-2</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsmidler</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>34</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fagerheim, Tord Jacob Teigen</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vilkårene for tvungent psykisk helsevern etter psykisk helsevernloven § 3-3</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">kriterier</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvungent psykisk helsevern</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vilkår</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11/2010</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.duo.uio.no/bitstream/handle/10852/19028/1/108389.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">UiO, Det juridiske fakultet</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oslo</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Vilkårene for tvunget psykisk helsevern, med fokus på de matrielle vilkårene.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Master thesis</style></work-type><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">etikk</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tonje Lossius Husum</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arnstein Finset</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Torleif Ruud</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Staff Attitude to Coercion Scale(SACS): Reliability, validity and feasibility.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">International Journal of Law and Psychiatry</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160252708000952</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsmidler</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maria Knutzen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leiv Sandvik</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Edvard Hauff</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stein Opjordsmoen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Svein Friis</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Association between patients’ gender, age and immigrant background and use of restraint—A 2-year retrospective study at a department of emergency psychiatry</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nordic Journal of Psychiatry</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2007</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://informahealthcare.com/doi/abs/10.1080/08039480701352520</style></url></web-urls></urls><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">61</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsmidler</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">arne vaaler</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gunnar Morken</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John Chr Fløvig</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valentina C Iversen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Olav M Linaker</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effects of a psychiatric intensive care unit in an acute psychiatric department</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nordic Journal of Psychiatry</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">intensive care unit</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">picu</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seclusion</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Skjerming</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2006</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/08039480600583472</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">60</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Psychiatric acute units use different levels of segregation to satisfy needs for containment and decrease in sensory input for behaviourally disturbed patients. Controlled studies evaluating the effects of the procedure are lacking. The aim of the present study was to compare effects in acutely admitted patients with the use of a psychiatric intensive care unit (PICU) and not in a psychiatric acute department. In a naturalistic study, one group of consecutively referred patients had access only to the PICU, the other group to the whole acute unit. Data were obtained for 56 and 62 patients using several scales. There were significant differences in reduction of behaviour associated with imminent, threatening incidents (Broset Violence Checklist), and actual number of such incidents (Staff Observation Aggression Scale-Revised) in favour of the group that was treated in a PICU. The principles of patient segregation in PICUs have favourable effects on behaviours associated with and the actual numbers of violent and threatening incidents.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Doktorgradsavhandling</style></work-type><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tvangsmidler</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">arne vaaler</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gunnar Morken</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John Chr Fløvig</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valentina C Iversen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Olav M Linaker</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Substance abuse and recovery in a Psychiatric Intensive Care Unit</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gen Hospital Psychiatry</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">picu</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">rop</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">rus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seclusion</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Skjerming</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2006</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">02/2006</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0163834305001507?via%3Dihub</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">28</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">65-70</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objectives:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;The purpose of this study is to compare the development in symptoms, behaviors, function and treatment between patients with or without a substance use (SU) diagnose in a Psychiatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;A total of 118 admitted patients were assessed at admittance, day 3 and discharge from the PICU. Symptoms of psychopathology, therapeutic steps taken, violent episodes and length of patient stay were recorded.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;More males than females received an SU diagnosis. Substance use patients had less psychiatric symptoms at admittance and showed a faster symptom reduction, more favorable and faster improvement of function and a shorter length of stay. Except for symptom reduction and shorter length of stay, these differences were largely due to differences in sex and diagnoses in the two groups.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;In a naturalistic group of patients in a PICU, SU is associated with favorable outcomes compared to patients not using substances.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Doktorgradsavhandling</style></work-type><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tvangsmidler</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kari Gjelstad</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hans Løvdahl</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Torleif Ruud</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Svein Friis</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsinnleggelser til psykiatrisk observasjon - blir de opphevet dagen etter?</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2003</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://tidsskriftet.no/article/784571</style></url></web-urls></urls><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tidsskrift for den Norske legeforeningen</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsinnleggelser</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>6</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Juan Robbie Mathisen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Per Føyn</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bjørn Heimdal</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rapport fra Gjennombruddsprosjekt psykiatri</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsmidler, Tvangsinnleggelser, Tvangsbehandling</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2002</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://urn.nb.no/URN:NBN:no-nb_digibok_2012062708032</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Den norske lægeforening</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oslo</style></pub-location><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">82-8070-001-3</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Omslagstittel: Bruk av tvang : Gjennombruddsprosjekt psykiatri</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>19</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Svein Friis</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hva skal til for å redusere antall tvangsinnleggelser?</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tidsskrift for den norske legeforeningTidsskrift for den norske legeforening</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Redaksjonelt</style></short-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2001</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://tidsskriftet.no/article/451745</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsinnleggelse</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ann Færden</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rehabilitering av psykiatriske langtidspasienter</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2001</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://tidsskriftet.no/article/452471</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">121</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3375-9</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsbehandling</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jørgen Brabrand</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Svein Friis</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsinnleggelser i akuttpsykiatriske institusjoner (En sammelikning mellom Hedmark fylke og Ullevål sektor i Oslo)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tidsskrift for den norske lægeforening</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1997</style></year></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">117</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1737-9</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trykt</style></work-type><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tvangsinnleggelse</style></label></record></records></xml>